Page:Willich, A. F. M. - The Domestic Encyclopædia (Vol. 4, 1802).djvu/38

IS] SAL heaps : Jl 6re i;* then kindled be- low, and the liquor exlrat'^cd from the plants, drops to the l>ottoiH, where it uliinvately acquires a thick consistence, when it becomes kali ; ■which is partly of a black, and partly ash-colour ; very sharp and -corrosive ; being of a strong saline taste. When thoroughly havdrn- etl, it resenjbles solid stone, and in that state is tit I'or use.— See Kelp, rol. iii. p. 45. SALTWORT, the Jointed, or Salicornia, L. a genus of plants, •eomprising nine species ; one of •which onlvi according to Dr. Wi- thering, but, in the opinion of Dr. Smith, two, are natives of Bri- tain, viz. 1. TheAcrZoffa, Jointed Glass- VOKT,SBA-GRA86,orMAKSH SaM- ruiKE, is very commpu on sea- shores, and flower^ in the montlis of August and September. 2. Iht fniticusa, or Shrubby Sam PHI HE, grows Ukewise on sea- shores and the sidesof roads, wlicre it flowers from August to Septem- ber. The ashes of both these species yield fossil alkali, which is in great request for inanufaAuring soap and glass. It is chiefly prepared on the Mediterranean coast, and is called soda j the best of which is imported from Spain, under the name of larllla. — When young and green, this vegetable, steeped in vinegar, wilh a due portion of salt, aiFords a pickle very little in- ferior to sarapliire. — ^The whole plant has a saline taste, and is de- voured with avidity by all kinds of cattle, beinga very wholesome food, especially for sheep. SALIWORT, the Black, or Sea Milk-Woht, G/aiir marilima, L. a native perennial plant, which grows in salL-marshes, and flowers S-AN in the mouths of Jane and iuiy.— ^ This saline plant is often used as a pickle, and may likewise be eaten as salad, or cooked among other vegetables. — It is also much relish- ed by cows ; aixl Bkchstein ob- serves, that it uncommonly in- creases their milk ; on which ac- count it merits to be cultivated ia congenial soils. SAMPHIRE, the Rock, or Sea Samphire, Cri'Jimuin mariti' mum, L. a perennial plant, growing on the British Sea-coasts, among gravel and rocks, where it flowers in the month of August.— -Tliis ve- getable is much relished as a pickle, and likewise emprfojed as a jxH-herb. — Dr. Witjikkjno in- forms us, that sheep and cows eat it with avidity, and have, in con- sequence, been observed to grow exceedingly fat. SAND, a genus of fossils, con- sisting of small grains of siliceous stones, which are insoluble both in water and acids ; being transpa- rent, and vitritiable by intense heat. They are mixed with vari- ous matters, whente they acquire dilferent colours; and are divided into white, red, yellow, brown, blackish, aiul green sand*. This fossil is of extensive utility in the manufacture of glass > a jfine white sand, found in the vicinity of Lynn, Norfolk, being employed fvr making white glass; and a coarse greenish sand for the com- mon grsen or bottle-glass. It is likewise an excellent manure for clayey land, in the proportion of from 40 to 50 loads per acre, and also for moorish soils, at the rate of l60 loads. The best for such purpose, is that known under the name of Sea-sand, the good ef- fe£ts of which will be metre evi- dent, in proportion to its distance-