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The Mythology of All Races/Volume 3 (Celtic and Slavic)

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PLATE I

Brug na Boinne

The tumulus at New Grange is the largest of a group of three at Dowth, New Grange, and Knowth, County Meath, on the banks of the Boyne in the plain known to Irish tales as Brug na Boinne, the traditional burial-place of the Tuatha De Danann and of the Kings of Tara. It was also associated with the Tuatha De Danann as their immortal dwelling-place, e. g. of Oengus of the Brug (see pp. 50–51, 66–67, 176–77). The tumuli are perhaps of the neolithic age (for plans see Plate VI, A and B).

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THE MYTHOLOGY OF ALL RACES

IN THIRTEEN VOLUMES

LOUIS HERBERT GRAY, A.M., PH.D., Editor

GEORGE FOOT MOORE, A.M., D.D., LL.D., Consulting Editor

CELTIC
BY
JOHN ARNOTT MACCULLOCH,
HON. D.D. (ST. ANDREWS) 		  SLAVIC
BY
JAN MÁCHAL, PH.D.
WITH A CHAPTER ON BALTIC MYTHOLOGY BY THE EDITOR

VOLUME III

BOSTON
MARSHALL JONES COMPANY
M DCCCC XVIII

​

Copyright, 1918
By Marshall Jones Company

Entered at Stationers' Hall, London

All rights reserved

Printed June, 1918


PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA BY THE UNIVERSITY PRESS CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS

BOUND BY THE BOSTON BOOKBINDING COMPANY

​

CONTENTS

CELTIC

  1. PAGE
  2. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		5
  3. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		7
  4. Chapter I.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		23
  5. II.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		42
  6. III.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		49
  7. IV.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		54
  8. V.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		62
  9. VI.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		68
  10. VII.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		78
  11. VIII.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		92
  12. IX.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		114
  13. X.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		124
  14. XI.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		135
  15. XII.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		139
  16. XIII.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		160
  17. XIV.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		184
  18. XV.
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		206
  19. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		365
    20. ​

    SLAVIC

    1. PAGE
    2. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		217
    3. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		219
    4. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		221
    5. Part I. The Genii
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		225
    6. Chapter I.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		227
    7. II.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		233
    8. III.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		240
    9. IV.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		249
    10. V.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		253
    11. VI.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		256
    12. VII.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		261
    13. VIII.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		267
    14. IX.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		270
    15. X.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		273
    16. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		275
    17. Chapter I.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		279
    18. II.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		284
    19. III.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		286
    20. IV.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		288
    21. V.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		289
    22. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		291
    23. Chapter I.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		293
    24. II.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		297
    25. III.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		298
    26. IV.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		299
    27. V.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		300
    28. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		303
    29. Chapter I.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		305
    30. II.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		307
      31. ​
    31. III.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		311
    32. IV.
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		313
    33. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		315
    34. Notes, Celtic
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		333
    35. Notes, Slavic
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		351
    36. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		365
    37. ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		389

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ILLUSTRATIONS


  1. PLATE FACING PAGE
  2. I
    Brug na Boinne — Coloured
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		Frontispiece
  3. II
    Gaulish Coins
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		8
  4.  
    1. Horse and Wheel-Symbol
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  5.  
    2. Horse, Conjoined Circles and S-Symbol
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  6.  
    3. Man-Headed Horse and Wheel
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  7.  
    4. Bull and S-Symbol
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  8.  
    5. Bull
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  9.  
    6. Sword and Warrior Dancing Before it
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  10.  
    7-8. Swastika Composed of Two S-Symbols (?)
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  11.  
    9-10. Bull's Head and two S-Symbols; Bear Eating a Serpent
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  12.  
    11. Wolf and S-Symbols
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  13. III
    Gaulish Coins
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		14
  14.  
    1. Animals Opposed, and Boar and Wolf (?)
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  15.  
    2. Man-Headed Horse and Bird, and Bull Ensign
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  16.  
    3. Squatting Divinity, and Boar and S-Symbol or Snake
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  17.  
    4. Horse and Bird
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  18.  
    5. Bull and Bird
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  19.  
    6. Boar
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  20.  
    7. Animals Opposed
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		 
  21. IV
    God with the Wheel
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		20
  22. V
    Smertullos
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		40
  23. VI
    A. Plan of the Brug na Boinne
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		50
  24.  
    B. Plan of the Brug na Boinne
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		50
  25. VII
    Three-Headed God
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		56
  26. VIII
    Squatting God
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		72
  27. IX
    A. Altar from Saintes
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		86
  28.  
    B. Reverse Side of the same Altar
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		86
  29. X
    Incised Stones from Scotland
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    		94
  30.  
    1. The"Picardy Stone"
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
  31.  
    2. The "Newton Stone"
    ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    32. ​
    1. XI
      Gauls and Romans in Combat
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		106
    2. XII
      Three-Headed God
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		112
    3. XIII
      Sucellos
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		116
    4. XIV
      Dispater and Aeracura (?)
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		120
    5. XV
      Epona
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		124
    6. XVI
      Cernunnos
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		128
    7. XVII
      Incised Stones from Scotland
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		134
    8. 1. The "Crichie Stone"
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    9. 2. An Incised Scottish Stone
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    10. XVIII
      Menhir of Kernuz
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		140
    11. XIX
      Bulls and S-Symbols
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		152
    12. 1, 6. Carvings of Bulls from Burghhead
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    13. 2-5. S-Symbols
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
    14. XX
      A. Altar from Notre Dame. Esus
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		158
    15. B. Altar from Notre Dame. Tarvos Trigaranos
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		158
    16. XXI
      Altar from Trèves
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		166
    17. XXII
      Page of an Irish Manuscript
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		176
    18. XXIII
      Artio
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		186
    19. XXIV
      Boars
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		188
    20. XXV
      Horned God
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		204
    21. XXVI
      Sucellos
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		208
    22. XXVII
      Zadusnica
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		237
    23. XXVIII
      Djadek
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		244
    24. XXIX
      Setek
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		244
    25. XXX
      Lesni Zenka
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		261
    26. XXXI
      Svantovit
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		279
    27. XXXII
      Festival of Svantovit
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		281
    28. XXXIII
      Radigast
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		286
    29. XXXIV
      Idealizations of Slavic Divinities
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		288
    30.  
      1. Svantovit
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		&nbp;
    31.  
      2. Ziva
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		&nbp;
    32.  
      3. Cernobog and Tribog
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		&nbp;
    33. XXXV
      Veles
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		300
    34. XXXVI
      Ancient Slavic Sacrifice
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		305
    35. XXXVII
      The Sacred Oak of Romowe
      ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................
      		305

This work is in the public domain in the United States because it was published before January 1, 1928.

The longest-living author of this work died in 1950, so this work is in the public domain in countries and areas where the copyright term is the author's life plus 72 years or less. This work may be in the public domain in countries and areas with longer native copyright terms that apply the rule of the shorter term to foreign works.

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