Anthology of Japanese Literature/Poetry from the Six Collections

Anthology of Japanese Literature
edited by Donald Keene
Poetry from the Six Collections
4329478Anthology of Japanese Literature — Poetry from the Six Collections

Poetry from the

Six Collections

[from the Gosenshū, 951 A.D.]

Mizu no omo ni
Aya fukimidaru
Haru kaze ya
Ike no kōri wo
Kyd wa tokuramu

The breezes of spring
Are blowing the ripples astray
Along the water—
Today they will surely melt
The sheet of ice on the pond.

Ki no Tomonori
• •

Kore ya kono
Yuku mo kaeru mo
Wakaretsutsu
Shiru mo shiranu mo
Ausaka no seki

This is the Barrier
Where people come and people go
Exchanging farewells;
For friends and strangers alike
This is Meeting Barrier.[1]

Semimaru

TRANSLATED BY DONALD KEENE

[from the Shūishū, 997]

Kuraki yori
Kuraki michi ni zo
Irinubeki
Haruka ni terase
Yama no ha no tsuki

Out of the dark,
Into a dark path
I now must enter:
Shine on me from afar,
Moon of the mountain fringe![2]

Izumi Shikibu
• •

Omoikane
Imo gari yukeba
Fuyu no yo no
Kawakaze samumi
Chidori naku nari

The time I went to see my sister[3]
Whom I loved unendurably,
The winter night’s
River wind was so cold that
The sanderlings were crying.

Ki no Tsurayuki
• •

Yo no naka wo
Nani ni tatoemu
Asaborake
Kogiyuku fune no
Ato no shiranami

To what shall I compare
This world?
To the white wake behind
A ship that has rowed away
At dawn!

The Priest Mansei (c. 720)

TRANSLATED BY ARTHUR WALEY
• •

Wasuraruru
Mi wo ba omowazu
Chikaiteshi
Hito no inochi no
Oshiku mo aru kana

It does not matter
That I am forgotten,
But I pity
His forsworn life.

Lady Ukon

TRANSLATED BY KENNETH REXROTH
• •

Yaemugura
Shigereru yado no
Sabishiki ni
Hito koso mienu
Aki wa kinikeri

In the loneliness
Of a hut where rankly grows
The prickly goose-grass,
There is not a soul in sight:
Autumn has already come.

The Priest Egyō
• •

Yume yo yume
Koishiki hito ni
Aimisu na
Samete no nochi wa
Wabishikarikeri

Dreams, listen, my dreams!
Do not bring me together
With the man I love—
When once I have awakened
It makes me feel so lonely.

Anonymous
• •

Koi su chō
Wa ga na wa madaki
Tachinikeri
Hito shirezu koso
Omoisomeshika

They say I’m in love—
The rumor is already
In circulation;
Yet when I began to love
There was not a soul who knew.

Mibu no Tadamine

TRANSLATED BY DONALD KEENE

[from the Goshūishū, 1086]

Yasurawade
Nenamashi mono wo
Sayo fukete
Katabuku made no
Tsuki wo mishi kana

I should not have waited.
It would have been better
To have slept and dreamed,
Than to have watched night pass,
And this slow moon sink.

Lady Akazome Emon

TRANSLATED BY KENNETH REXROTH

Sent when ill to someone

Arazaramu
Kono yo no hoka no
Omoide ni
Ima hito tabi no
Au koto mo gana[4]

Soon I shall be dead.
As a final remembrance
To take from this world,
Come to me now once again—
That is what I long for most.

Izumi Shikibu
• •

Hi mo kurenu
Hito mo kaerinu
Yamazato wa
Mine no arashi no
Oto bakari shite

The day has ended
And the visitors have left—
In the mountain village
All that remains is the howl
Of the storm winds from the peak.

Minamoto no Yorizane
• •

Yo wo komete
Tori no sorane wa
Hakaru to mo
Yo ni Ausaka no
Seki wa yurusaji

The night is still dark—
Even though you counterfeit
The morning cockcrows,
They will never let you through
Ausaka Barrier.[5]

Sei Shōnagon

TRANSLATED BY DONALD KEENE

[from the Kinyōshū, 1128]

Awaji shima
Kayou chidori no
Naku koe ni
Iku yo nezamenu
Suma no sekimori

Guardian of the gate
Of Suma, how many nights
Have you awakened
At the crying of the shore bird
Of the Isle of Awaji?

Minamoto no Kanemasa

TRANSLATED BY KENNETH REXROTH
• •

Murakumo ya
Tsuki no kuma wo ba
Nogofuramu
Hareyuku tabi ni
Terimasaru kana

The clustering clouds—
Can it be they wipe away
The lunar shadows?
Every time they clear a bit
The moonlight shines the brighter.

Minamoto no Toshiyori
[from the Shikashū, c. 1151]

Kaze wo itami
Iwa utsu nami no
Onore no mi
Kudakete mono wo
Omou koro kana

Whipped by a fierce wind
And dashed like the ocean waves
Against the rocks—
I alone am broken to bits
And now am lost in longing.

Minamoto no Shigeyuki (d. 1000)

[from the Senzaishū, 1188]

Mushi no ne wa
Asaji ga moto ni
Uzumorete
Ai wa sue ha no
Iro ni zo arikeru

The cries of the insects
Are buried at the roots of
The sparse pampas grass—
The end of autumn is in
The color of the last leaves.

The Priest Jakuren (d. 1202)

TRANSLATED BY DONALD KEENE
  1. The beauty of this poem is in its rhythm, created by the repetition of the word mo and the k sounds. It is the most famous of the poems about the Barrier of Ausaka (or Ōsaka), a place on the road near Kyoto where travelers to and from the east were stopped and questioned. The name contains the word au, “to meet,” and occasioned endless jeux d’esprit.
  2. Said to be her death-verse; the moon may refer to Buddha’s teachings.
  3. A word for a sweetheart commonly found in the “Man’yōshū,” but rather archaic by this time, when the usual word was “person,” hito.
  4. The use of o and a sounds contributes to the effect of this poem.
  5. Refers to a Chinese story of a man who got through a barrier by imitating a cock’s crowing and thus making the keeper of the barrier think that dawn had come—when the barrier was opened.