XXIII.—THE LAW.
Muhammadan law consists of two divisions, Rawá and Nárawá, i.e., Things lawful and Things unlawful.
I.—That which is lawful is divided into five classes.
1. Farz.—That which has been enjoined in the Qurán.
2. Wájib.—That of which there is some doubt as to its Divine institution.
3. Sunnat.—The example of Muhammad, which consists of three kinds:—
Sunnat-i-Fʾilí.—That which Muhammad himself did.
Sunnat-i-Qaulí.—That which Muhammad said should be practised.
Sunnat-i-Taqrírí.—That which was done in the presence of Muhammad and which he did not forbid.
4. Mustahab.—That which Muhammad sometimes did and sometimes omitted.
5. Mubáh.—That which may be left unperformed without any fear of Divine punishment.
II.—Things unlawful are of three classes:—
1. Harám.—That which is distinctly forbidden in the Qurán and Hadís.
2. Makrúh.—That of which there is some doubt as to its unlawfulness, but which is generally held to be unclean or unlawful.
3. Mufsid.—That which is corrupting and pernicious.
The divisions of lawful and unlawful do not merely apply to food, but also to ablutions and other customs and precepts.