THE COLONIAL PERIOD 125 rains often produced great distress and caused the ruin- ous destruction of crops and stock. Against these droughts the people employed no other means to pro- tect themselves than public supplications to the saints to send rain.* But on other occasions the skies opened their floodgates and prolonged and heavy rainfalls caused terrible inundations. In 1783 occurred a great flood, called "avenida grande," which swept away the dikes, or tajamares, along the Mapocho for several squares and caused immense damage in the capital. Guzman died, February nth, 1808. In the autumn following, his office was conferred upon Francisco An- tonio Carrasco. But this brings us to the period of the revolution. Recapitulating, a list is herewith added of the captains-general and provisional governors of Chile during the colonial period. Pedro de Valdivia, Francisco de Villagran, Garcia Hurtado de Mendoza, Roderigo de Quiroga, Villagran, a second time, Pedro de Villagran, Quiroga, second time, Martin Ruiz de Gamboa, Melchor Bravo de Saravia, Quiroga, third time, Gamboa, second time, Alonzo de Sotomayor, Martin Onez de Loyola, Pedro de Viscarra, Francisco de Quifiones, Alonzo Garcia Bamori, Alonzo de Rivera, Ramon, a second time, Luis Merlo de la Fuente, Juan de Xara Quemada, Rivera, a second time, Fernando Talaveranno, Lopez Uiloa y Lemus, Cristoval de la Cerda. Pedro Sorez de UUoa, Francisco de Alva y Noruena, Luis Fernandez de Cordova y Arce, Francisco Laso de la Vega, Francisco de Zuiiiga, (Marquis de Baides), Martin de Muxica, Alonzo de Cordova y Figueroa, Antonio de Acuna y Cabrera, Pedro Portale Casanate, Diego Gonzales Montero, Angel de Pereda, Francisco de Menes^s,
- Caspar Toro.
