THE AMAZON DISTRICT. 329
of which are separated by rivers, namely, the three species of genus Psophia, P. crepitans (Linn.), P. viridis (Spix), and P. kacoptera (Spix). The P. crepitans is the common trumpeter of Guiana; it extends into the interior all over the country, beyond the sources of the Rio Negro and Orinooko, towards the Andes, and down to the Amazon, both east and west of the Rio Negro, but is never found on the south side of the Amazon.
The P. viridis is found in the forests of Para, at Villa Nova, on the south bank of the Amazon, and up to the Madeira, where it is found at Borba, on the east bank.
The P. leucoptera, a most beautiful white-backed species, is found also on the south bank of the Amazon, at Sao Paulo, at Ega, at Coarf, and opposite the mouth of the Rio Negro, but not east of the Madeira, where the green-backed species commences. These birds are all great favourites in the houses of the Brazilians, and all three may sometimes be seen domesticated at Barra, where they are brought by the traders from the different districts in which they are found. They are inhabitants of the dense forests, and scarcely ever fly ; so that we see the reason why the rivers should so sharply divide the species, which, spreading towards each other from different directions, might otherwise become intermingled. It is not improbable that, if the two Brazilian species extend as far as the sources of the Madeira, they may be found inhabiting the same district.
Of the smaller perching-birds and insects, which doubtless would have afforded many interesting facts corroborative of those already mentioned, I have nothing to say, as my exten- sive collection of specimens from the Rio Negro and Upper Amazon, all ticketed for my own use, have been lost ; and of course in such a question as this, the exact determination of species is everything.
The two beautiful butterflies, Callithea sapphira and C. Leprienri, which were originally found, the former in Brazil, and the latter in Guiana, have been taken by myself on the opposite banks of the Amazon, within a few miles of each other, but neither of them on both sides of that river.
Mr. Bates has since discovered another species, named after himself, on the south side of the Amazon ; and a fourth, distinct from either of them, was found by me high up in one
