A PROGRAMME FOR SOCIAL STUDY 869
SECOND MEETING.
I. General topic : The Influence of Land on Population. References :
Buckle, History of Civilization in England (N. Y., Appleton, 1892),
Vol. I, ch. 2.
A brilliant attempt to found a philosophy of history on natural forces. Draper, Civil War in America (New York, Harper, 1867), section I.
Theory much like Buckle's. Fairbanks, Introduction to Sociology (New York, Scribners, 1896),
chap. 2.
Natural influences illustrated by historical and geographical obser- vations. Giddings, Principles of Sociology (New York, Macmillan, 1896), bk.
ii, ch. i.
Illustrations drawn from zoology, anthropology, and history. Marshall, Principles of Economics (New York, Macmillan, 1895).
A good general discussion. Mayo-Smith, Statistics and Sociology (New York, Macmillan, 1895),
bk. iv.
Distribution of population compared with topography and climate,
with statistics. Montesquieu, Spirit of the Laws (Cincinnati, Robert Clark, 1871).
An anticipation of Buckle and Draper, especially emphasizing cli- mate.
NOTE. On many of the topics the new edition of Johnson's Encyclopedia may be consulted with profit. The files of the Review of Reviews, easily consulted by the full index in each volume, contain a great deal of information along the line of these topics. One who has time and easy access to a public library may find unlimited literature in the periodicals by consulting Poolers Index. For thorough study of the topics relating to charities and corrections Henderson's Dependents, Defectives, and Delinquents is an invaluable guide ; and for such a study the annual reports of the National Conference of Charities and Corrections are the most valuable single source.
2. Special Report on The Physical Features of the District Studied and their Effects upon the Population.
The member making this report should prepare a map showing the boundaries of the district, its natural and artificial divisions, varia- tions of surface, location of creeks and rivers, etc., and should be prepared to point out how any of these have affected the location of homes, industries, etc., the direction of the streets, health of the inhabitants, etc. He should also study the character of the soil, noting its effects upon wells, cisterns, basements, etc., and should give attention to the climate, seasons, rainfall, changes of temperature, etc., with their effects upon the life and comfort of
