and the Sandwich Islands. He was a man of broad culture, interested in everything that constitutes good society and the better civilization.
Shew, Joel (1816–1855)
Joel Shew, early advocate of hydropathy, was born in Providence, Saratoga County, New York, November 13, 1816. After receiving a medical degree he went to Graefenberg, Austrian Silesia, where he became an advocate of Vincent Priessnitz's system of water cure and introduced it into the United States; he was physician to the first hydropathic institution opened in New York in 1844 and the next year became manager of an institution of the same kind in New Lebanon Springs, New York.
He wrote "Hydropathy" (1844); "Consumption; Its Prevention and Cure by the Water Treatment;" "Midwifery and the Diseases of Women by Water Treatment" (1852); "Pregnancy and Child Birth by Water Treatment;" "Tobacco."
He died at Oyster Bay, Long Island, October 6, 1855.
Shipman, Azariah B. (1803–1868)
Daniel and Sarah Eastman Shipman looked for one of their five boys to manage the farm at Pitcher, Chenango County, New York. Azariah was born on March 22, 1803, and helped till he was seventeen. Then without money or influential friends, doing farm work in summer and teaching in winter, he gave his odd leisure to studying medicine, two years later working under his eldest brother, who had become a doctor in Delphi, New York, and in 1826, with a license from the County Medical Society, he too practised in that county, successfully it may be presumed, as he was able to marry, in 1828, Emily Clark, stepdaughter of a Mr. Richard Taylor. In Cortland, in Syracuse, and as professor of anatomy in the University of Laporte, Indiana, he had a good reputation for surgery and this reputation led to his doing nearly all the important operations for miles around, many, such as removal of tumors, tracheotomy, lithotomy, were done under difficult circumstances. Three years as army surgeon during the war broke down his health, and a tour in Europe in 1868 was disappointing in recuperatory results. He reached Paris after the trip, failing under a pulmonary affection, and on September 15, 1868, he sank rapidly and died.
His keen desire for knowledge of all kinds was starved in his boyhood, and his library, with its old books and curiosities, told how one day he meant to enjoy a learned leisure which, though long expected, never came.
Shipman, George Elias (1820–1893)
George Elias Shipman, physician and journalist, was born March 4, 1820, in New York City. He entered Middlebury College, Vermont, in 1832, graduated from the University of New York in 1839 and in 1843 received his M. D. from the College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York. In 1846 he moved to Chicago, where he soon had a large and lucrative practice. In 1848 he founded the Northwestern Journal of Homoeopathy, and edited it for four years. In 1865 he became editor of the United States Medical and Surgical Journal and the next year published the Homoeopathic Guide. In 1871 he established a home for foundlings that had a successful career without state or municipal aid.
Dr. Shipman died in Chicago, January 20, 1893.
Shippen, William (1712–1801)
William Shippen the elder was born in Philadelphia, October 1,1712, the son of Joseph Shippen and Abigail Grosse. His grandfather, Edward Shippen, mayor of Philadelphia, emigrated to this country from Cheshire, England, in 1668, and was proverbially distinguished as having three great things: "The biggest house, the biggest person, and the biggest coach."
William Shippen had a decided bent for medicine and early undertook its study. He was not long in securing a large and lucrative practice. He was remarkable for his generosity to the poor, giving them much of his time and money.
He married Susannah Harrison, of Philadelphia, in September, 1735, and had four sons. One of them, William Shippen, he trained for the medical profession, providing him with an excellent education in Europe. On the return of the young man in 1762, the father encouraged him to give a series of lectures on anatomy, thus inaugurating the first medical school of the country.
Dr. Shippen was elected to the Continental Congress in 1778 and re-elected in 1779. He was a member of Benjamin Franklin's "Junto," and was vice-president of the American Philosophical Society. He was the first phy-
