firm step to the place of execution, and, when the order was given that he should be blindfolded, he tied the handl-erchief himself. As a military leader, Morelos is considered one of the best of his time. His memory and name are greatly revered by the Mexicans, and his remains, which were buried after the execution in the church of San Cristobal, have been transferred to the cathedral of Mexico, and are there preserved, together with those of Miguel Hidalgo and other heroes of the independence. His native city was called Morelia in his honor, and the state that has been formed from a part of the former state of the Valley of Mexico, containing Cuautla, where he distinguished himself, has been named Morelos. Several districts in other states have also received his name.
MORENO, Francisco (mo-ray-no), Argentine
explorer, b. in Buenos Ayres, 7 Oct., 1827. He
began his studies in the University of Cordova
and finished at Buenos Ayres, where he was grad-
uated in 1854 as doctor in natural science. He
taught this branch in the latter university, but his
favorite study was anthropology, and in 1872 he
began a series of exploring expeditions that have
made him well known. In January, 1876. he ex-
plored Lake Nahuel-Huapi, in the southern Andes,
and discovered, on 14 Feb., 1877, Lake San Martin.
He also explored numerous rivers in Patagonia,
and on 4 March of the same year discovered the
volcano Chalten. In 1880 he went on a second ex-
ploring expedition to the teri'itory of Patagonia,
where he was taken prisoner by the Pehuelche In-
dians and condemned to death, but escaped on 11
March, one day before the one that was appointed
for the execution. In 1882-'3 he explored the
Andes from Bolivia southward, and in 1884-'5 he
made new explorations of the territory south of the
Rio Negro and of Patagonia. He is director of the
Anthropological museum of Buenos Ayres, chief of
the Argentine exploring commission of the south-
ern territories, and member of numerous European
scientific societies. He has published " Description
des cimetieres et parages prehistoriques de Pata-
gonia " (Paris, 1874) ; " Noticias sobre algunas an-
tigiiedades descubiertas en la Provincia de Buenos
Aires " (Buenos Ayres, 1874); " Viage a la Pata-
gonia Septentrional " (1876) ; " Sur des restes d'in-
dustrie humaine prehistorique dans la republique
Argentine " (Stockholm, 1876) ; " El estudio del
horabre Sud-Americano " (Buenos Ayres, 1878) ;
" Descripcion fisica de la Patagonia y Tierra del
Fuego : Las razas estinguidas de la Repiiblica Ar-
gentina " (1881) ; and several other works.
MORENO, Mariano, Argentine lawyer, b. in
Buenos Ayres, 23 Sept., 1778: d. at sea, 4 March,
1811. He studied law in the University of Buenos
Ayres, and in the year 1800 finished his studies at
Charcas or Chuquisaca, where he was graduated as
doctor in law. and admitted to the bar. In 1805 he
returned to Buenos Ayres, where he presented a
noteworthy memorial to the viceroy about free
trade, and was appointed attorney of the audiencia.
He took an active part in freeing the colony from
Spanish rule, and was appointed on 25 May, 1810,
secretary-general of the first governing junta. At
the same time he was editor of " La (raeeta." He
was the moving spirit of the junta, but, being an
advocate of centralization, he was soon opposed by
its president, Cornelio Saavedra, and, as he pro-
tested in vain against the admission of deputies
from the interior states to the junta, he resigned
on 18 Dec. In January, 1811, he was appointed the
first representative of the new nation to England,
but died on his way thither. — His brother. Manu-
al, Argentine diplomatist, b. in Buenos Ayres in ; d. there in 1857. studied law in his native
city, and had attained reputation at the bar when,
in 1811, he was appointed secretary of legation in
England, but did not serve on account of the death
of -his brother. He remained two years in England,
and after his return to his native country partici-
pated in the political events of 1815. and was ban-
ished to the United States, where he resided till
1821. On his return he was elected deputy to the
junta de representantes, which place he occupied
till 1826, when he became representative of the
Provincia Oriental, or Uruguay, to the constituent
congress, and was also secretary of foreign relations
of the province of Buenos Ayres. In 1828 he was
appointed minister plenipotentiary of the Argen-
tine Federation to England, where he remained for
more than eight years. On his return he was ap-
pointed librarian of the National library of Buenos
Ayres, which post he held till his death. He wrote
" Vida y memorias del Dr. Mariano Moreno, secre-
tario de la junta de Buenos Ayres. eon una idea
sobre las revoluciones del Rio de la Plata, Mejico,
Caracas, etc." (London, 1812; enlarged ed., 1836),
which was translated into English. He was also
the author of pamphlets on diplomatic questions.
MOREY, Samuel, inventor, b. in Hebron,
Conn., 23 Oct., 1762 ; d. in Fairlee, Vt, 17 April,
1843. He was a son of Israel Morey, who moved
with his family from Hebron to Orford, N. H., in
1766. The son was endowed with great ingenuity
and superior mechanical and scientific talents. He
acquired large landed estates on both sides of Con-
necticut river, at Orford, N. H., and Fairlee, Vt.
The last seven years of his life were spent on his
Fairlee estate, where for many years he had been
extensively engaged in lumbering. There his en-
gineering skill is traceable in the remains of chutes
built on West mountains to slide the pine logs
from inaccessible steeps to Fairlee pond years
before Napoleon procured lumber in the Alps by
the same means. When an attempt was made to
open the Connecticut to navigation from Windsor,
Conn., to Olcott's Falls, Lebanon, N. H., he planned and built the locks at Bellows Falls. As early as 1780 he began to devote his time to the investigation of steam, heat, and light. He was early in correspondence with Prof. Benjamin Silliman, of Yale college, and contributed articles to the " Journal of Science," in which he described a revolving steam-engine, patented by him, 14 July, 1815. As early as 1790 Capt. Morey turned his attention to the matter of " improving the steam-engine, and in applying it to the purpose of propelling boats," at Orford, N. H., on the Connecticut. He built a boat and placed in it a steam-engine of his own manufacture, and with one companion navigated the river at a speed of four miles an hour. The boat was propelled by a paddle-wheel in the prow. When arrangements were sufficiently matured for exhibition, he went to New York, on request, built a boat, and spent three successive summers there in experimenting with it and propelling it. Family sickness called him home, and he had the boat taken to Hartford, Conn., as a more convenient place, and ran it in the presence of many persons. The next season, having made improvements in the engine, he returned to New York and applied the power to a wheel in the stern, which impelled the boat at a speed of about five miles an hour. With this steamboat he made a trial-trip from the ferry to Greenwich and back, accompanied by Chancellor Robert R. Livingston and others, who expressed great satisfaction at the boat's performance. Chancellor Livingston had visited Morey at Orford, where he had seen and ridden in his first
