Page:Bergey's manual of determinative bacteriology.djvu/369

The t}'pe species is Paracolobaclrum aerogenoides Borman et al. Key to the species of genus Paracolobactrum. I. Acetylmethylcarbinol produced. 1. Paracolobactrum aerogenoides. II. Acetylmethylcarbinol not produced. A. Ammonium citrate utilized as a sole source of carbon. 1. Gelatin not liquefied. 2. Paracolobactrum intermedium. 2. Gelatin slowly liquefied. 3. Paracolobactrum arizonae. B. Ammonium citrate not utilized as a sole source of carbon. 4. Paracolobactrum coliforme. 1. Paracolobactrum aerogenoides Bor- man et al., 1944. (Para-aerogenes, Stuart, Wheeler, Rustigian and Zimmerman, Jour. Bact., 45, 1943, 117; Borman, Stuart and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) a.e.ro.ge.no.i'des. M.L. adj. aerogenes gas-producing, a specific epithet; Gr. noun eidus resembling, like; M.L. adj. aeroge- noides (Aerobacter) aerogenes-like. Characters as for Aerobacter aerogenes Beijerinck and Aerobacter cloacae Bergey et al. except for consistently delayed fermenta- tion of lactose. Primarily non-pathogenic. Comments: M0ller (Acta Path, et Micro- biol. Scand., 35, 1954, 262 and 272) has named the non-gelatin-liquefying, Aerobacter aero- genes-like paracolons the Hafnia Group, type species Hafnia alvei M0ller {ibid., 272). The organisms in the Hafnia Group are motile at 22° becoming less motile at 36° and non-motile at 38° C. Source : Isolated from cases of human gas- troenteritis. Habitat: Found in surface water, soil, grains and the intestinal tracts of animals, including man. 2. Paracolobactrum intermedium Bor- man et al., 1944. (Para-freundii, Stuart, Wheeler, Rustigian and Zimmerman, Jour. Bact., 45, 1943, 117; Borman, Stuart and Wheeler, Jour. Bact., 48, 1944, 361.) in.ter.me'di.um. L. adj. intermedius intermediate. Characters as for Escherichia freundii Yale and Escherichia intermedia Vaughn and Levine except for consistently delayed fer- mentation of lactose. Relationships to other species: The Ballerup Group (Bruner, Edwards and Hop- son, Jour. Inf. Dis., 85, 1949, 290) and the Bethesda Group (Edwards, West and Bruner, Jour. Bact., 55, 1948, 712) have been combined by recent investigators (West and Edwards, U. S. Dept. Health, Education and Welfare Monograph, No. 22, 1954, 34; Kauffmann, Enter obacteriaceae. Ejnar Munksgaard, Copenhagen, 1954, 210). While these workers recognize the combined groups as being identical with Paracolo- bactrum intermedium Borman et al., they do not distinguish between them and Escher- ichia freundii Yale. Source: Isolated from cases of human gastroenteritis. Habitat: Found in surface water, soil, grains and the intestinal tracts of animals, including man. 3. Paracolobactrum arizonae (Kauff- mann, 1940) Borman, comb. nov. {Salmonella sp., Dar es salaam Type var. from Arizona, Caldwell and Ryerson, Jour. Inf. Dis., 66, 1939, 245 ; Salmonella arizona (sic) Kauffmann, Acta Path, et Microbiol. Scand., 17, 1940, or 19, 1942; Arizona culture, Edwards, Cherry and Bruner, Jour. Inf. Dis., 73, 1943, 236; Arizona Group, Edwards, Jour. Bact., 49, 1945, 513.) a.ri.zo'nae. M.L. noun Arizona Arizona; M.L. gen. noun arizonae of Arizona. Rods. Motile by means of peritrichous flagella. Gram-negative. Gelatin: Slow liquefaction. Potassium cyanide medium: No growth (exceptions are rare) . Indole not produced.