Bernard's troop was stationed at Land's place, which was on the east shore of Tule lake, on the border of volcanic country popularly known as the lava beds, and which extended around the southern shore of the lake westward for fifteen miles. From Bernard's camp to that particular portion of the lava beds where the scout had discovered Captain Jack's band to be safely stationed, was about thirteen miles, the trail to the stronghold being over and among masses of broken rock of every size, and similar in character to that which had afforded the Pit Rivers their secure hiding-places when General Crook attacked them in the autumn of 1867. On the west side of the lava beds was stationed Perry's command, at Van Bremer's rancho, distant twelve miles from the stronghold, at the crossing of Cottonwood creek by what was known as Lickner's road, and not far south of the crossing of the Yreka road; while Jackson remained at Crawley's where Green had his headquarters.
As fast as transportation could be procured, the material of war was being gathered. The governors of Oregon and of California were called upon for aid by the citizens of both states, the war being almost equally in both. Governor Booth of California responded by sending arms and ammunition on the call of the settlers near the boundary, the arms being out of date, and the ammunition two sizes too large for the arms Governor Grover, requested by Superintendent Odeneal to furnish arms to the people of Oregon, responded by forwarding an immediate supply. The Washington Guard of Portland, Captain Charles S. Mills, tendered its services to the state, but were declined only because a company of volunteer militia organized at Jacksonville, and another company raised in Klamath basin had already been accepted; the former under John E. Boss, and the latter under O. C. Applegate. Applegate's company consisted of seventy men, nearly half of whom were Indians from the reservation, mixed Klamaths, Mo-
