Page:Cambridge Modern History Volume 7.djvu/20

xvi Contents. CHAPTER IX. THE STRUGGLE FOR COMMERCIAL INDEPENDENCE. (17831812.) By J. B. MCMASTER, Professor of American History in the University of Pennsylvania. PAGE The task before the Government 305 The Continental Congress 306 Departure of the Loyalists ........ 307 Cessions of western lands ........ 308 Power to tax refused 309 Power to regulate trade refused 310 The States regulate trade 311 New issues of paper money ........ 312 Effects of paper money 313 Annapolis and Philadelphia Conventions ..... 314 The new Government ......... 315 Rise of parties ... 316 Sympathy with the French Revolution 317 Proclamation of neutrality 318 French Decrees ; British Orders in Council .... 319 Jay's Treaty . 320 Trouble with France 321 Alien and Sedition Acts. French Convention .... 322 Neutral trade ; ' ( broken " voyages . ... 323 Retrocession of Louisiana by Spain 324 Mississippi closed to trade ........ 325 Western exploration 326 British blockades and Admiralty decisions 327 Search and impressment .... ... 328 Deserters. Leopard and Chesapeake affair ..... 329 Orders in Council; Berlin Decree ... . 330 Milan Decree ; Embargo and Non-Intercourse Acts . . . 331 Erskine's agreement Rambouillet Decree 332 Napoleon's conduct ; tension with Great Britain . . . 333 War with Great Britain 334 CHAPTER X. THE WAR OF 18121816. By H. W. WILSON, Trinity College, Oxford. Causes of the war 335 The United States unprepared 336 Hull invades Canada .... .... 337 British naval dispositions 338 American naval successes 339 British defeat on Lake Erie 340 The war on Lake Ontario . . .... 341 The Shannon and the Chesapeake 342