URBAN
221
URBINO
lem Kat^er (Stuttgart 1879) ; for the two Preceding Protestant 1732 ; over the main door is a high relief of Luca della
Historisch-polMsche Bldiier. xciv (Munich, 1884), 471-92, Hobbia. b. Agostino was also Gothic. The frescoes
I Ehses. Papsi Urban VIII u. Gusiav Adalph in Hisiorische in the oratory of S. Giovanni Battista by Jacopo and
"■buch.xri (Munich. 1895) 336-41; Schnitzer, Zur Politik Lorenzo Sanseverino, including a "Crucifixion", are
FJdm.Wic Qu<.rt„(.r;.r,//, XIII (Rome, 1899); PiERALisi, &r- important m the history of painting: S. Spirito
o VIII e Gdlilfo Galilei (Rome, 1S75); Weech. Urban VIII (standards of Luca Signorelh), S. Bernardino (Bra-
ndon. 1905); Wadding, r,to iWani v/// (Rome. 1628); mante), S. Giuseppe (Adoration of the Magi, a rehef
ozzi, Sforia (Wdi /omiffda Barfccnn* (Rome, 1640); SiMONiN, u,, T>^„~A;n;\ T-l, J l i » j i tC V
,B urbanianm (Antwerp, 1637); Carini, II conclave di Urban!, ?,> Brandini). 1 he ducal palace was erected by Duke
r/ in Spicilegio mlicano. I (Rome. 1891); Cambridge Modern I* ederiCO, With Luciano dl Laurana (1447) as archi-
lory. IV (London and New York, 1906), strongly prejudiced; tect: illustrious sculptors and painters were eneaeed wl5,^-7rVr(Tr1fn, wioT/'" '■■ ■O'"'"-/""-""'"- to adorn it, but many of their works are now in
foreign museums. Among those remaining are the statue of Duke Federico; the carvings on the edges of the doors, windows, and chimney-pieces; paintings by Margaritone, Antonio da Ferrara ("Crucifixion", "Baptism of Christ"), Paolo Uccello ("Profanation of the Host"), Giusto di Gand ("Last Supper"), Giovanni Santi, Raphael's father ("Timoteo Viti"); Titian ("Resurrection"). The duke's study, with its Jrbi et Orbi (which means "for the city and magnificent inlaid door and its ceiling, contains two the world"): a term used to signify that a papal oratories. The Castracane palace has an important
Michael Ott
Trban College. See Propaganda, Sacred Con
sGATioN of; Roman Colleges.
Jrbania. See Sant' Angelo in Vado ani baxia. Diocese of. Jrbanists. See Poor Clares.
c u m e n t is ad-
ssed not only to
City of Rome
to the entire
- holic world. This
ase is applied es- ially to the solemn ising with plenary ulgence which, ore the occupa- 1 of Rome, tlie le was accustomed impart on certain asions from the cony of the chief ilicas of the city. ,s blessing wa.s en annually at St. ter's on Holy arsdav, Ea.ster, I the"fea.st of Sts. er and Paul; at John Lateran on Ascension;
collection of paint-
ings. Urbino has a
university with fac-
ulties of law, mathe-
matico-physics, and
a school of pharmacy
and obstetrics, and a
hospital founded in
126.'). Urbino is the
native place of Bar-
to 1 o m m e o Carusi,
theologian and pro-
fessor at Bologna and
Paris; Federico Com-
mandini (1509),
mathematician; Ber-
nardini Baldi (seven-
trenth century),
I" let; Ludovico della
Vcrnaccia (thirteenth
century), poet; Laura
Bat tiferri - Ammauat i
(seventeenth c e n -
tury), poe t ; the
Mary Major on the Assumption. It was im- archcologist, Mgr. Fabretti J1619); the painters,
The Cathedral. Urbino, XVIII Century
ted also on extraordinary occasions, as at St. Raffaello Sanzio and Federico Barocci; Bramante and
er's when the pope was crowned, at St. John's Genga, father and .son, architects; the sculptor,
- n he was enthroned, at various times during the Federico Brandani, and Clement XL
year, or jubilee, for the benefit of pilgrims. The
ising Urbi et Orbi of Ascension Day was some-
es postponed till Pentecost on account of the in-
aency of the weather, illness of the pope, etc.
ocent X in the jubilee of 1650 on the Epiphany,
tecost , and All Saints, as well as later popes, includ-
Pope Pius IX, for special reasons, gave this solemn
sing from the balcony of the Quirinal Palace.
Andrew B. Meehan.
ffbino, Archdiocese of(Urbinatensis), Province e.'iaroand I'rbino, Italy. The city of Urbino issitu-
Urbino is the ancient Urbinum Matauren.se, a
Roman municipium. The city and its environs are
rich in inscriptions, one of which is certainly Christian.
Urbino was held by the Goths, but was caj)tured by
Behsarius (538). Under Pepin it became part of the
pontifical domain. By the eleventh century it had a
commune. Becoming the capital of the counts of
Montefeltrc, it increased in importance. In 1213 Bon-
conte di Montefeltro was elected podexld of Urbino.
The Urbinese rebelled, formed an alliance with the
commune of Rimini (1228), and by 1234 were masters
of the city. He and his descendants were leaders of
I on a hill between the valleys of the Metaurus and the GhibeUincs of the Marches and the Rom.agna.
lia, in a mountainous but well-cultivated country
cathedral, near the ducal palace, was designed by
nt Federico da Montefeltre; but was completely
isformed in the nineteenth century, as the cupola
ed in the sixteenth century and a large portion of
edifice were ruined in 1789. Some valuable pic-
Montefeltrano succeeded (1214-.55), and Guido
(1255-86 and 1293-6). Boniface VIII absolved him
from censures and employed him against Palestrina
and the Colonna. Federico I (1296-1322) increa.sed
his domains by taking from the Holy See Fano,
Osinio, Recanati, (iubbio, Spoleto, and Assisi. His
s are still preserved there, a " Last Supper" and a exorbitant taxes led to his murder, and the city recog-
nized the papal supremacy. But in 1323 his son Nolfo
(1323-59) was proclaimeij lord of I'rbino. In 1355, on
the coming of Cardinal Albornoz, the papal sover-
eignty was again recognized, but not without loss of
territorj'. Federico II w!is entirely despoiled. His
son, .Vntonio (1377-1403), i)rofited by the rebcMion of
the Marclies and I'liibri;! against the Holy .See (1375)
to restore his authority in Llrbino. Guido Antonio
n Sebastiano of Barocci" in the sacristy, the
ourging" by Pier della Francesca, in the oratory
he crypt a "Piet^" of Giovanni da Bologna,
[•r churches: S. Francesco (completed in 1350),
ly Roman, partly Gothic, contains exquisite
ptures of Constantino Trajjpola, paintings by
icci, Procaccini, and others. S. Dominico (1.365),
inally Gothic, but com^etely transformed in
