Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 01.djvu/531

BARRYMORE 431 BARTHOLOMEW Maurice Barrytnore and Georgiana (Drew) Barrymore. She was educated privately and first appeared on the stage in John Drew's company in 1896. She later appeared in leading roles with Henry Irving. She first appeared as a star in 1900, and later played as star in many successful plays. She was one of the most popular American actresses of her generation. BARRYMORE, JOHN, an American actor, brother of Ethel Barrymore and son of Maurice Barrymore, born in 1882. He first appeared on the stage in 1903 and two years later played in London as leading man with great success. In 1919-1920 he appeared with his brother Lionel Barrymore in "The Jest" and following this appeared as the star in a production of "Richard III." He also appeared in several moving-picture plays, notably "Dr. Jekyl and Mr. Hyde." BARRYMORE, MAURICE, an Ameri- can actor, whose real name was Herbert Blythe, born in India in 1847. He was educated in Cambridge University, and entering upon a stage career, removed to the United States, where he quickly rose to eminence in his profession. In 1876 he married Georgiana Drew of the famous family of actors. He acted as leading man for Modjeska, for Mrs. Langtry, for Olga Nethersole, and for Mrs. Fiske. Barrjnnore was considered one of the most finished and accom- plished actors Qf his day. He wrote sev- eral plays, including "Nadjeska," in which Mme. Modjeska appeared in 1884. He died in 1905. BARSABAS, JOS'EPH, surnamed "the Just," one of Christ's early disciples, and probably one of the 70. He was one of the two candidates nominated to fill the vacancy left by Judas Iscariot in the apostleship (Acts i). BAR-SXJR-AUBE (bar-siir-ob'), a town in the department of Aube, France ; 30 miles E. of Troyes; notable as the scene of a victory of the allied forces, commanded by Schwarzenberg, over the French, commanded by Macdonald and Oudinot, Feb. 27, 1814. The council which decided the plan of campaign of the allies was held here before the battle, Feb. 25. Pop. about 5,000. BART, BARTH, or BAERT (bart), JEAN, a French sailor, born at Dun- kirk, 1650, the son of a poor fisherman. He became captain of a privateer, and was appointed captain in the Royal Navy and for exceptional service was made commodore and ennobled. He made the French navy everywhere respected, and furnished^ some of the most striking chapters in the romance of naval war- fare. After the peace of Ryswick, he lived quietly at Dunkirk, and died there in 1702. BARTHELEMY, JEAN JACQUES, a French antiquarian, born at Cassis, Provence, Jan. 20, 1716; won European fame with his "Travels of Young Ana- charsis in Greece" (1788), a fascinating picture of domestic and social life in ancient Greece. As a romancer he wrote "The Loves of Carites and Polydorus" (1760). He died in Paris, April 30, 1795. BARTHOLDI, FREDERIC AUGUSTE (bar-tol-de'), a French sculptor, bom in Colmar, Alsace, April 2, 1834; received the cross of the Legion of Honor in 1865 ; principal works: the "Lion of Belfort"; statue of Lafayette, in Union Square, New York; bronze group of Lafayette and Washington, in Paris (1895) ; and the colossal figure in New York harbor, "Liberty Enlightening the World." He died Oct. 4, 1904. BARTHOLOMEW FAIR, or BAR- TLEMY FAIR, a celebrated fair, which was long held in Smithfield at Bartholo- mew-tide. The charter authorizing it was granted by Henry I. in 1153, and it was proclaimed for the last time in 1855. BARTHOLOMEW, MASSACRE OF ST., the massacre of French Protestants which began in Paris. In 1572, in the reign of Charles IX., many of the prin- cipal French Protestants were invited to Paris, under a solemn pledge of safety, on the occasion of the marriage of the King of Navarre, afterward Henry IV., with the French King's sister. Though doomed to destruction, they were treated for seven months with every possible mark of courtesy and confidence. Mean- while the warrant for their destruction was issued by their sovereign, on whose word they had relied. This horrible butchery began on Aug. 24, that being St. Bartholomew's Day, on which, and the two following days, more than 10,000 Protestants were murdered in Paris. A like carnage ensued in the provinces, where upward of 25,000 more were de- stroyed by other bloodthirsty fanatics. Sully says that the number massacred throughout the kingdom amounted to 70,000. This deed was, however, ap- plauded in Spain; at Rome, solemn thanksgivings were offered to God for its success, and medals were struck at Pans in honor of it; while, as a mark of Protestant detestation, Elizabeth and the English court put on dpep mourning, and received the French enibassy in solemn silence.