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DUQITESNB 440 DURANT strong forts, on Hilton Head and Bay Point, which were evacuated after a se- vere engagement of four hours. He was promoted to rear-admiral in August, 1862. He greatly contributed to the organization of the Naval School at Annapolis, and was the author of a very remarkable report on the use of floating batteries for coast defense. He died in Philadelphia, Pa., June 23, 1865. DUQUESNE, a borough of Pennsyl- vania, in Allegheny co. It is on the Monongahela river, and on the Pennsyl- vania railroad. The city has large steel works and blast furnaces. There is a public library and an institute. Fop. (1910) 15,727; (1920) 19,011. DUQUOIN, a city of Illinois, in Perry CO. It is on the Illinois Central railroad. Its industries include iron works, flour mills, planing mills, etc. There are im- portant coal mines in the neighborhood. Pop. (1910) 5,454; (1920) 7,285. DTJRAJSr, CAROLUS, CHARLES AU- GUSTE-EMILE, called DURAND, a French painter; born in Lille, July 4, 1837. He x'eceived his early art educa- tion at the municipal school in his native town, and in 1853 went to Paris and spent much time in copying again and again "La Joconde," at the Louvre. He gained the Wicar traveling scholarship and went to Italy, and at Rome painted "La Priere du Soir," exhibited at the Salon in 1865. For "L'Assassine (1866), he was awarded his first medal. M. Duran resided for a year In Spain, and the influence of Velasquez is clearly seen in his "St. Francis of Assissi," ex- hibited at the Paris Salon in 1868. But the fame of Carolus Duran rests princi- pally on his portraits, which are very numerous. Among them may be men- tioned Emile de Girardin, those of his daughters, the equestrian portrait of Mile. Croizette, the well-known actress, and a portrait of Pasteur. He was a Chevalier of the Legion of Honor, and of the Order of Leo- pold. In 1898 he made a lecturing tour to the United States, this being his sec- ond visit. In the same year he was elected president of the National Society of Fine Arts. Exhibited at St. Louis Exposition in 1904. Member of French Institute (1915), and Director of French Academy at Rome. He died in Paris, Feb. 18, 1917. DURANGO, a city of Colorado, the county-seat of La Plata co. It is on the Las Animas river, and on the Denver and Rio Grande and the Rio (irande Southern railroads. The city is a com- mercial center for southwestern Colora- do and northwestern New Mexico. There are smelting and reduction works, flour mills, and a packing plant. The city has a public library and other public buildings. DURANGO, a state of Mexico, with an area of 38,009 square miles. It is for the most part high and dry plateau and is traversed in the northern part by the Sierra Madre mountains. The soil in general is good and produces wheat, vegetables, sugar cane, and cotton. Corn, tobacco, and grapes are also grown. The principal industry of the state is mining, and its silver mines have been famous from colonial times. Iron and steel are also mined near the city of Durango. Manufacturing has made some progress in recent years. There are soap and candle factories, tanneries, and pottery works. Pop. about 500,000. The capital is Durango. DURANGO (also called Guadiana and Ciudad de Victoria), a town of Mexico, on a dry plateau, 6,700 feet above sea- level, 500 miles N. W. of the City of Mexico. It is handsomely built, with a cathedral, a former Jesuit college, a theater, and a mint, and the town now has tramways and telephones. Pop. about 33,000. DURANT, a city of Oklahoma, the county-seat of Bryan co. It is on the Missouri, Oklahoma, and Gulf, the Mis- souri, Kansas, and Texas, and the St. Louis and San Francisco railroads. It is the center of an important agricul- tural industry. There are flour and oil mills. The city is the seat of a Presby- terian college, and the Southeastern State Normal School. Pop. (1910) 5,330; (1920) 7,340. DURANT, E(DWARD) DANA, an American statistician and public official, born in Romeo, Mich., in 1871. He grad- uated from Oberlin (College in 1893, and took post-graduate courses at Cornell University. From 1895 to 1897 he was legislative librarian of the New York State Library, and in 1898-1899 was as- sistant professor of administration and finance at Leland Stanford, Jr., Univer- sity. From 1900 to 1902 he was secre- tary of the United States Industrial Commission. After filling several posts in the government service he was deputy commissioner of corporations from 1907 to 1909. From the latter year to 1913 he was director of the United States Census. He was professor of statistics and agricultural economics at the Uni- versity of Minnesota from 1913. He wrote extensively on financial matters, and his published writings include "Fi- nances of New York City" (1898) ; and "The Trust Problem" (1915). He also