Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 04.djvu/408

GODAVARI 344 poetic parts of the Old Testament (II Chron, xxx: 12, Psa. xx: 3, Deut. viii: 3, Psa. xxix: 4, Isa. xl: 12, liii: 1, Ix: 13, Exod. xxxii: 23), but monotheism is enjoined in the first commandment, and idolatry forbidden in the second, while in Isaiah and elsewhere there are most scathing denunciations of the manu- facture and worship of images (Isa. xl: 12-26, xlii: 17, xliv: 9-20, etc.). In the New Testament, St. John gives the ever- memorable definition of the Divine nature. "God is love" (I John iv: 16). The Latin Church, the Greek Church, and the several Protestant denomina- tions all essentially agree in their tenets regarding God, See the Apostles', Nicene, and Athanasian Creeds, the first 3f the Thirty-nine Articles, the Jatechism of the Council of Trent, the Confession of Faith (ch. ii.), and the Shorter Catechism, question 4. See Theology; Trinity. The name of God in 47 languages: Hebrew — Elohlm, Eloha. Chaldaic — Eilah. Assyrian — Eleah. Syriac and Turkish — Alah. Malay — Alia. Arabic — Allah. Old Egyptian — Teut. Armorian — Teuti. Modern Egyptian — Teun. Greek — Theos. Aeolian and Doric — IIos. Latin — Deus. Low Latin — Diex. Celtic and Gallic — Diu, French — Dieu. Spanish — Dios. Portuguese — Deos. Old German — Diet. Provengal — Diou. Low Breton — Doue. Italian — Dio. Irish — Dia. Olalu Tongue — Deu. German — Gott. Flemish — Goed. Dutch — Godt. English and Old Saxon — God. Toutonic — Goth. Danish and Swedish — Gut. Norwegian — Gud. Slav — Buch. Polish — Bog. Pollacca — Bung. Lapp — Jubinal. Cretan — Thios. Finch — Jumala. Runic — As. Zemblain — Fetiza. Pannonian — Istu. Hindostanee — Rain. Coromandel — Brama. Tartar — Magatal. Persian — Sire. Chinese — Prussa. •lapanese — Goezur. Madagascar — Zannar Peruvian — Puchecammae. GODAVARI (go-da'va-re) , one of the pnncipal rivers of India, and the largest of the Deccan, rising within 50 miles of the Indian Ocean, and flowing S. E. across the peninsula into the Bay of GODFATHER Bengal, which it enters by seven mouths, after a course of 898 miles, its total drainage area being estimated at 112,000 square miles. It has been called the Indian Rhine. The navigation of the upper waters is impeded by three im- passable rocky barriers or rapids within a space of 150 miles. The Godavari is one of the 12 sacred rivers of India, and the great bathing festival, called Push- karam, is held on its banks once in 12 years; each of its seven mouths is esteemed holy, but especially the Gautami mouth, the larger of its two arms, which enters the sea not far from Cocanada. GODERICH, a port of entry of On- tario, on Lake Huron, 160 miles W. N. W. of Buffalo by rail, with a good har- bor protected by a pier, also several factories and mills, and eight salt wells. GODESBERG, a watering place in the Prussian Rhine province, Germany, situ- ated near the left bank of the Rhine four miles below Bonn. It is famous for its medicinal springs and for its hydro- pathic sanitarium. Brickmaking is an important industry, but the town is largely residential, inhabited by health seekers from all over Europe. The popu- lation is about 10,000. GODFATHER and GODMOTHER (also called sponsors), the persons who, by presenting a child for the sacrament of baptism, which is regarded as a new spiritual birth, are reputed to contract toward the newly baptized the relation of spiritual parentage. In the Roman Catholic Church this spiritual relation- ship is regarded as a species of kindred (whence the name gossip, or God-sib, "spiritually akin"), and constitutes an impediment of marriage between the sponsors on the one hand and the bap- tized and the parents of the baptized on the other. Anciently, this impediment arose also between the sponsors them- selves; and it still extends much further in the Eastern than in the Western Church, though in the former it can arise only from baptism, whereas in the Ro- man Church the candidate for confirma- tion also is presented by a sponsor, though usually one of the same sex. In the Anglican Church, by whose rule two godfathers and a godmother are re- quired at the baptism of a male, and two godmothers and a godfather at that of a female, no impediment of marriage arises from the relation of the sponsors to the baptized. The parents of the bap- tized are not permitted to act as spon- sors in the Roman Catholic Church, one of the objects of the institution being to provide instructors in case of the death