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GKANSON 379 GRANT portant industrial city and its manufac- tures include iron, steel, tin plate, and granite ware. It has also a large corn- products refinery, and bridge works. Among its institutions is a public hos- pital. Pop. (1910) 9,903; (1920) 14,757. GRANSOIJ, or GRANDSON (gion- son'), a village in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland, on the Lake of Neuchatel, 21 miles S. W. of Neuchatel. Here March 3, 1476, the Swiss defeated the Bur- gundians, under Charles the Bold. GRANT, SIR ALEXANDER, a Scotch educator; born in New York, Sept. 13, 1826; educated at Harrow and Balliol College, Oxford; graduated B. A. in 1848; and was elected to an Oriel fellow- ship. Here he edited the "Ethics of Aris- totle" (1857). He succeeded as baronet in 1856, was appointed inspector of schools at Madras in 1858, and became Professor of History in Elphinstone Col- lege there; then its principal; and after- ward vice-chancellor of Elgin College, Bombay. On the death of Sir David Brewster he was in 1868 chosen as prin- cipal of the University of Edinburgh. His "Story of the University of Edin- burgh" (1884) was published in connec- tion with the latter event. He died in Edinburgh, Nov. 30, 1884. GRANT, ANNE, a Scotch author; born in Glasgow, Feb. 21, 1755. She was the daughter of a British officer, Duncan McVicar, who became barrack- master of Fort Augustus, She married in 1779 the Rev. James Grant, formerly chaplain of the fort, minister of Laggan. Left a widow in destitute circumstances in 1801, Mrs. Grant published by sub- scription a volume of "Poems" (1803), which were well received; "Letters from the Mountains" (1806), a highly popu- lar work; "Memoirs of an American Lady" (1808) ; and "Essays on the Su- {)erstitions of the Highlanders of Scot- and" (1811). She died in Edinburgh, Nov- 7, 1838. GRANT, HEBER J., First President of the Mormon Church, born in Salt Lake City, Utah, in 1856. He was educated in private schools and the University of Utah. He was engaged in business and became an officer and director of many important financial institutions. He was a member of the First Presidency of the Mormon Church and was president of the Prohibition and Betterment League, Salt Lake City. GRANT, SIR JAMES HOPE, a British military officer; born in Kilgraston, Perthshire, Scotland, July 22, 1808. He first saw service in the Chinese war of 1842, and next distinguished himself at Sobraon, Chillianwalla, and Gujerat in the two Sikh wars. During the opera- tions of the Indian mutiny Grant, who had risen to the rank of lieutenant- colonel, took a leading part, assisting in the recapture of Delhi, in the relief of Cawnpur, and in the retaking of Luck- now, and he commanded the force which effected the final pacification of India. In 1859 he conducted the war against China, defeating the enemy three times under the walls of Peking, assaulting the Taku forts, and finally capturing the capital of the empii'e, for which work he was created G. C. B. After command- ing the army of Madras from 1861 to 1865, he returned to England, and was made general in 1872. He died in Lon- don, March 7, 1875. GRANT, ROBERT, an American au- thor; born in Boston, Mass., Jan. 24, 1852; was graduated from Harvard in 1873 and the Harvard Law School in 1879. From 1893 he was a judge of pro- bate and insolvency for Suffolk co., Mass. Among his most popular works are : "The Little Tin Gods on Wheels" (1879); "Confessions of a Frivolous Girl" (1880) ; "An Average Man" (1883) ; "The Reflections of a Married Man" (1892); "Unleavened Bread" (1900); "The Orchid" (1905) ; "The Law Break- ers" (1906) ; "The Chippendales" (1909) ; "The High Priestess" (1915); "Their Spirit" (1916) ; "Law and the Family" (1919). He also wrote the well-known boys' stories, "Jack Hall" (1887) ; "Jack in the Bush" (1888). GRANT, ULYSSES SIMPSON, an American statesman; 18th president of the United States; born in Point Pleas- ant, 0., April 27, 1822, entered West Point Academy in 1839, graduated in 1843, received a commission in the United States Army in 1845, and served un- der Generals Taylor and Scott in Mexico. In 1852 he was ordered to Oregon, and in August, 1853, became full captain. He resigned his commission in July, 1854, and soon after settled in business at Galena, 111. From this privacy he was drawn out by the Civil War, and having acted first as aide-de-camp to the gover- nor of his State in 1861, and afterward as colonel of the 21st Illinois Volunteers, was appointed a Brigadier-General in July of the same year. While in corn- man'^ at Cairo, he secured Paducah, and with it the State of Kentucky. In No- vember, 1861, he fought and gained the battle of Belmont, and in January of the following year conducted a reconnois- sance to the rear of Columbus. After capturing Fort Henry, on the Tennessee, General Grant pursued the Confederates to Fort Donelson. There a severe battle raged almost without interruption for