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GUAYAQUIL 420 GUEBIN diplomatic relations with Germany in April, 1917. The British minister to Guatemala had been active in stirring up plots and intrigues against the United States in all of the Central American States. President Cabrera was re-elected in 1917 for an additional six-year term. Guatemala City was almost completely destroyed in January, 1918. A treaty of peace was approved by Congi'ess on Oct. 7, 1919. President Cabrera was de- posed in a revolution which broke out in April, 1920. Dr. Carlos Herrera be- came provisional president. Cabrera was accused of being a dictator and en- deavoring to use his office for personal ends. He had been in power for 22 years. The new government was rec- ognized by the United States on June 24, 1920. Herrera was chosen permanent president on Aug. 29. GUAYAQUIL (gwl-a-kel'), a city and capital of Guayas province, Ecuador; in the valley of the Guayas, 30 miles above its mouth. Most of the houses are built of bamboo or wood and earth, and cov- ered with creepers. The custom house is the most noteworthy of the public buildings, which include a cathedral and a townhall. In 1889 a statue to Boli- var was erected. The leading manufac- turing establishments are combined steam sawmills, foundries, and machine shops; and the place is noted for its straw hats and hammocks. Cocoa rep- resents five-sixths of the exports, which include coffee, ivory nuts, rubber, hides and specie. The city has gas lights, street railways, and an improved water- works system. It was founded by Ore- liana in 1537, and removed to its pres- ent site in 1693. Pop. (1919), 93,851. GUAYMAS, a well-sheltered port of Mexico, on the Gulf of California, the terminus of the Sonora railway (353 miles S. by W. of Benson, an Arizona station on the Southern Pacific rail- I'oad). It is a small place, excessively hot, surrounded by barren mountains, and mostly inhabited by Indian fisher- men; but already it exports precious metals, wheat, flour, etc., in considerable quantities, and its trade is increasing. GUBBIO, the ancient Iguvium or Eu- gubium, a city of central Italy, on the S. W. declivity of the Apennines, 20 miles N. N. E. of Perugia. It has a 13th century cathedral, several mediaeval palaces, the Brancaleoni with a valuable picture-gallery, and remains of an an- cient theater. The celebrated Eugubine Tables are preserved in the town house. Gubbio was noted for its majolica ware, which was brought to perfection by Giorgio Andreoli in 1517-1537, by his delicate use of a beautiful ruby luster. Two celebrated yellow lusters were also used on Gubbio majolica. GUBEN (go'ben), a town and river- port in the province of Brandenburg, Prussia, at the head of the navigable portion of the Neisse, 28 miles S. of Frankfort-on-the-Oder. The town was destroyed by the Hussites in 1434 and 1437, and was twice occupied by the Swedes during the Thirty Years' War. Pop. about 38,600. GUELDERLAND (gel'der-lant), or GUELDERS (gel'derz), a province of the Netherlands, between the Zuider Zee on the N. W. and the Prussian domin- ions on the S. E.; area, 1,965 square miles. It is watered chiefly by the Meuse, the Yssel, the Rhine, and the Waal. It was originally inhabited by the Batavi and Sigambri, and after them by the Franks. In 870 it passed to Germany; and in the end of the 11th century became a territorial power, its ruler bearing the title of count. This was exchanged for the higher title of duke in 1383, and in 1483 the duchy was taken possession of by Maximilian of Austria. Yet it was not till 1543 that the power of the Duke of Guelders was finally broken and his land definitely in- corporated with the Austrian Nether- lands. By the peace of 1814 Guelders was finally divided between Holland and Prussia. Pop. (1918) 727,165. GUELF, or GUELPH (gwelf), the name of a family, which in the 11th cen- tury was transplanted from Italy to Germany, where it became the ruling race of several countries. The family, until the World War, continued in the two lines of Brunswick, the royal in England, and the ducal in Germany. For their history, see Ghibellines. GUELPH, a city, port of entry, and capital of Wellington co., Ontario; on the Speed river, 45 miles W. by S. of To- ronto. It is the seat of the Ontario Agricultural College, and has several flour mills, woolen mills, and manufac- tories of sewing machines, the Speed supplying abundant motive power. Pop. about 15,200. GUERILLA (ge-ril'la), an irregular mode of carrying on war by means of small, independent bands of armed men, self-constituted and ordered, unconnected with a regular army, and entitled to dis- miss themselves at any time. Guerilla warfare is mainly carried on in a coun- try occupied by an enemy. GUERIN, JULES, an American artist, born in St. Louis, in 1866- He studied