Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 04.djvu/587

HENRY 505 HENTY rebelled against his father, and de- throned him, assuming the imperial crown in his stead. In 1111 he mar- ried Matilda, the daughter of Henry I., King of England; and the rich dowry he received with his princess gave him the means of undertaking an expedition to demand the imperial crown from the Pope. Finding that Pascal refused to crown him, Henry caused the Pope to be conveyed away from the altar while at mass; and cut down, in the streets of Rome, all who opposed him. At length the Pope yielded, and Henry was crowned in 1112, without making any new concessions. Soon after his return to Germany the Pope excommunicated him; which led to a new war, the inva- sion of Italy, and the election of a rival Pope, Peace was not made till 1122, when the emperor renounced his claims. He died in 1125. Henry VI., son of Frederick Barba- rossa; bom in 1165. He was elected King of the Romans when four years of age, and succeeded his father on the im- perial throne in 1190. The same year, on the death of William II., King of Sicily, he claimed that crown in right of Constance, his wife, daughter of King Roger. After being crowned at Rome with his wife in 1191, he made an un- successful attempt to conquer Naples. In 1193 he gave Leopold, Duke of Austria, a small price to hand over to his keep- ing his royal prisoner, Richard I. of England, whom he detained nearly a year, and released for a heavy ransom. With this money he undertook another expedition against Sicily and succeeded. He was crowned at Palermo in 1194. A revolt broke out in consequence of his tyranny, and he returned to suppress it. He died in Messina in 1197. Henry VII., succeeded Albert I. in 1308. He undertook an expedition to Italy, and compelled the Milanese to crown him King of Lombardy. He then suppressed a revolt which had broken out in upper Italy; took several cities by storm; and, having captured Rome, he was crowned Roman emperor by the car- dinals sent from Avignon, while in the streets the work of murder and pillage was still going on. He died in 1313. Henry (Rapson), Landgrave of Thuringia, was elected Emperor by the ecclesiastical princes in 1246, when Pope Innocent IV. deposed Frederick II. He died in 1247 of a wound received fight- ing his rival. HENBY, surnamed The Navigator. a Portuguese prince; born in Oporto in 1394. The ambition of Henry was the discovery of unknown regions of the world. At Sagres he erected an observ- atory, to which he attached a school for the instruction of youthful scions of the nobility in the sciences neces.sary to navigation. Subsequently he dis- patched some of his pupils on voyages of discovery, which resulted at last in the discovery of the Madeira Islands in 1418. Henry's thoughts were now di- rected toward the auriferous coasts of Guinea, of which he had heard from the Moors; and in 1433 one of his mariners sailed round Cape Nun, till then re- garded as the farthest point of the earth, and took possession of the coasts as far S. as Cape Bojador. Next year Henry sent out a larger ship, which reached a point 120 miles beyond Cape Bojador; and at last, in 1440, Cape Blanco was reached. Henry died in 1460. HENRY, PATRICK, an American patriot; born in Hanover co., Va., May 29, 1736. He entered business and mar- ried at 18. Having failed successively in "store-keeping" and in farming, he be- came a lawyer in 1760, and three years later found his opportunity, when, hav- ing been employed to plead the cause of the people against an unpopular tax, his great eloquence seemed suddenly to de- velop itself. This defense placed him at once in the front rank of American ora- tors, and his later speeches advanced him to their head. Throughout the Revolu- tionary War he was a zealous patriot. He was a delegate to the 1st Continen- tal Congress, which met in Philadelphia in 1774, and delivered the first speech in that assembly — a speech that for fiery eloquence and lofty tone was worthy of so momentous a meeting. In 1776 he carried the vote of the Virginia conven- tion for independence; and in the same year he became governor of the new State. In 1791 he retired from public life, and returned to his practice; in 1795 he declined the secretaryship of State offered him by Washington. He * died June 6, 1799. HENRY, FORT, an ancient fort erected on the site of the present town of Petersburg, Va., in 1646. HENTY, GEORGE ALFRED, a popu- lar English novelist and writer for boys; bom in Trumpington, Cambridgeshire, Dec. 8, 1832. He was editor of "Union Jack," a journal for boys, and has been special war correspondent of the London "Standard" in various quarters of the globe. A voluminous writer, among his works are : "The Young Franc-Tireurs," "Winning His Spurs," "Facing Death," "The Lion of St. Mark's," "In the Hands of the Cave Dwellers," "Lost Heir," and some 70 others. He died in 1902.