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HUNYADY 87 HURON an assessed valuation of $3,000,000. Pop. (1910) 7,611; (1920) 8,018. HUNYADY, JANOS (hon'ya-di) , a great Hungarian soldier; born in Hun- yad, Transylvania, in 1387. His life may be succinctly described as one un- broken crusade against the Turks. He became voivode of Transylvania in 1442, and regent of Hungary on the death of Ladislaus I. of Poland in 1444. The principal moments in his celebrated con- test with the foes of Christendom are his expulsion of them from Transylvania in 1442; his brilliant campaign S. of the Danube in 1443; his defeat in the bloody battle of Varna, 1444; and that of Kossovo in 1448; but his most glorious achievement was the storming of Bel- grade (1456). During the minority of Ladislaus V. he acted as governor of the kingdom (1445-1453). Hunyady left two sons, Ladislaus and Matthias — the former of whom was beheaded at Buda on a charge of conspiracy; the lat- ter succeeded to the cro^vn of Hungary. He died in Semlin, Croatia-Slavonia, Aug. 11, 1456. HUNZA-NAGAR, the valley (con- taining the forts of Hunza and Nagar) of a river running into the Gilgit, at the extreme N. W. corner of Kashmir. To- gether with Kanjut, the upper part of the same valley, it became British in 1891. HUON ISLANDS, a group 170 miles N. W. of New Caledonia, in the Pacific Ocean. They belong to France, and are among the Australasia and Oceania de- pendencies administei'ed from New Cale- donia. They are most barren, and few Europeans live there. HURD, ARCHIBALD, a British au- thor. He was born in 1869 and was educated in the London board schools, after which he became connected with various London papers. Since 1899 he has been on the editorial staff of the "Daily Telegraph," contributing articles, chiefly on naval topics, to the English re- views. His books include: "Naval Effi- ciency, the Wai'-Readiness of the Fleet," "German Sea-Power: Its Rise, Progress, and Economic Basis"; "The Command of the Sea"; "The New Empire Partner- ship"; etc. HURD, RICHARD, an English clergy- man and author; named the "Beauty of Holiness" on account of his comeliness and piety; born in Congreve, Stafford- shire, England, Jan. 13, 1720. He studied at Emmanuel College, Cam- bridge, of which he became a Fellow in 1742. In 1749 appeared his first notable production, "Commentary on Horace's Ars Poetica." In 1750 he was appointed one of the Whitehall preachers. He be- came Bishop of Lichfield and Coventry in 1774, but exchanged this see for Wor- cester in 1781; in 1783 he declined the archbishopric of Canterbury. His prin- cipal works are: "Dissertations on Poetry" (1755-1757) ; "Dialogues on Sin- cerity, Retirement, the Golden Age of Elizabeth, and the Constitution of the English Government" (1759), his most popular book; "Letters on Chivalry and Romance" (1762); "Dialogues on the Uses of Foreign Travel" (1764); and "An Introduction to the Study of the Prophecies Concerning the Christian Church" (1772). He died May 28, 1808. HURD WAR or HAREDWARA (hur- dwar'), a town of India, in Bengal, on the right bank of the Ganges, where the river emerges from the foot-hills of the Himalayas into the plains of Hindustan, 36 miles from Seharunpoor. From its position on this stream, esteemed so sacred by the Hindus, immense numbers of pilgrims are annually attracted hither. Every 12th year fully 2,000,000 come partly from purposes of devotion, and partly to trade in camels, horses, cattle, drugs, fruits, etc. HUREAULITE, a hydrous phosphate of the oxides of iron and manganese, oc- curring in small, yellow, reddish, or nearly colorless crystals, at Limoges, commune of Hureaux, France. HURLEY, EDWARD NASH, an Amei-ican public official. He was born at Galesburg, 111., in 1864, and was edu- cated in the public schools. He was rail- road engineer till 1888, in which year he became manager of the U. S. Metallic Packing Co., in Philadelphia. He orig- inated the pneumatic tool industry, and in 1896-1902 was head of the Standard Pneumatic Tool Co., Chicago. Sold out interests and engaged in farming and stock raising at Wheaton, 111., 1902-1908. In 1908-1915 was president of Hurley Machine Co., Chicago. Appointed in 1913 U. S. Trade Commissioner to Latin American republics, and became chair- man of the Federal Trade Commission in 1917. In 1917 he was appointed chairman of the United States Shipping Board and was president of the Emer- gency Fleet Corporation. He retained those positions till 1919. He was author of "The Awakening of Business." HURON, a city of South Dakota, the county seat of Beadle co. It is on the Chicago and Northwestern and the Great Northern railroads. It is the center of an important agricultural and stock-