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PATROCLUS 143 PATTI Descendants of the Signers of the Dec- laration of Independence, Society of Dames of the Revolution, Daughters of the American Revolution, Children of the American Revolution, Society of the United States, Daughters of the Republic of Texas, Daughters of 1812. The Military Order of the Loyal Legion is conspicuous among the societies relating to the Civil War, being modeled on the Society of the Cincinnati. Other Civil War organizations are: Grand Army of the Republic, Union Society of the Civil War, Union Veteran Legion, Sons of Veterans, Union Society of the Civil War, Society of the Army of Cum- berland, Society of the Army of the Potomac, Society of the Army of Ten- nessee, Eleventh Army Corps Associa- tion, Second Army Corps Association, Thirteenth Army Corps Association, Union Society of the Civil War, Militai'y Order of the Medal of Honor, National Association of Naval Veterans, Medal of Honor Legion, United Confederate Veterans, United Daughters of the Con- federacy, United Sons of Confederate Veterans. Before the war with Spain the Order of the Indian Wars and the Society of Veterans of Indian Wars were estab- lished. The Spanish War gave birth to the Naval and Military Order of the Spanish-American War, United Spanish War Veterans, Rough Riders' Associa- tion and others. Societies of a similar character are the American Scenic and Historic Preservation Society, Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association and the like. The World War has likewise seen the formation of many societies, such as the American Legion and Veterans of Foreign Wars. The number of these societies is on the increase. PATROCLUS, in Greek story, the friend of Achilles, whom he accompanied to the Trojan war. His success was at first brilliant; but, Apollo having stunned him and rendered him defense- less, he was slain by Euphorbus and Hector. See Achilles. PATTEE, FRED LEWIS, an Amer- ican educator, born in Bristol, N. H., in 1863. He was graduated from Dart- mouth in 1888. From 1894 he was presi- dent of English literature at the Penn- sylvania State College. He wrote "A History of American Literature," (1896); "The Foundation of English Literature," (1900) ; "History of Amer- ican Literature Since 1870," (1915). He also wrote a book of poems and several other volumes of general lit- erature. PATTEN, SIMON NELSON, an Amer- ican author and professor. Born at Sandwich, 111., in 1852, and educated at Northwestern University, Illinois, and Halle, Germany. In 1888 he became professor of Political Economy at the University of Pennsylvania, a position which he held until his retirement in 1917. His most important work is his "Development of English Thought" in which he discusses the economic phases underlying the progress of ideas. The same thesis — economic explanation of social phenomena — underlies _ all his work. Some of his other important works are "Theory of Social Forces" (1896) ; "Heredity and Social Progress" (1903); "Social Basis of Religion" (1911); "Culture and War" (1916). PATTESON, JOHN COLERIDGE, an English missionary; born in London, April 1, 1827, the son of Sir John Pat- teson, judge in the Queen's Bench, and of a niece of Coleridge, the poet. He passed through Eton and Balliol College, Oxford, elected a Fellow of Merton in 1852, and appointed curate of Alfing- ton, Devonshire. But his thoughts turned to missionary work and in 1855 he sailed with Bishop Selwyn to New Zealand. The next 16 years he spent among the Melanesian Islands — New Hebrides, Banks, Solomon, and Loyalty Islands; and in 1861 he was consecrated Bishop of Melanesia. A most unselfish man and a true Christian, he was greatly beloved by the islanders, whom he protected against the white kidnap- pers of the Pacific. He was killed by the natives of Nukapu, one of the Santa Cruz group, Sept. 20, 1871. PATTI, ADELINA MARIA CLO- RINDA, a popular operatic singer of Italian extraction; born in Madrid, Spain, in 1843. After a course of pro- fessional study she sang at an early age in New York. Her debut in London took place in 1861 as Amina in "La Sonnam- bula," and she ever afterward was looked upon as one of the first singers of her time. Her voice was a high soprano, of rich bell-like quality and remarkable evenness of tone, with purity of style and high artistic finish. She won golden opinions on the Continent wherever she appeared, receiving, in 1870, the Order of Merit from the Emperor of Russia. Her greatest success was generally considered to be Marguerite in Gounod's "Faust." In 1868 she was married to the Marquis de Caux, from whom, however, she was divorced in _ 1876. She subsequently married M. Nicolini, and appeared in the United States, South America, and Mexico at various