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ONEGA 25 ONONDAGAS ONEGA, a river in Russia, which, is- suing from Lake Latcha, government of Olonetz, flows first N. E., then N. W., and after a course of about 270 miles, falls into the White Sea at the S. E. ex- tremity of the Gulf of Onega. ONEGA, LAKE, in the N. of Russia, after Ladoga, to the N. E. of which it Kes, the largest lake in Europe; 50 miles in greatest breadth, 146 miles in length, and 1,000 feet in depth in parts; area 3,764 square miles. It is fed by numer- ous rivers ; but its only outlet is the river 8wir, which flows S. W. into Lake La- doga. The N. end is studded with islands and deeply indented with bays. The shores in other parts are flat and low and regular. Though the water is ice Ibound generally for 156 days in the year, the lake is the scene of busy traffic in other seasons. Communication is pro- moted by a canal cut parallel to the S. shore. Fish abound. Mirages are fre- ^ent at times. Surveys were completed in 1890 for a canal 145 miles long to con- nect Lake Onega with the White Sea. ONEIDA, a lake occupying portions of Oneida, Madison, Onondaga, and Oswego COS., N. Y. It covers an area of about 100 miles, abounds in fish of an excellent quality, receives many small streams, and empties its surplus waters into the Osage river by Oneida river. ONEIDA, a town in Madison co., N. Y.; on Oneida creek, and on the New York, Ontario, and Western, the New York Central and Hudson River rail- roads; 26 miles E. of Syracuse. Here are a high school, waterworks, street i-ailroad system, electric light plant. Na- tional and State banks, and several week- ly newspapers. The town has a num- ber of flouring mills, planing mill, steam knitting mill, foundry and manufactories of steam engines, and carriages. Pop. (1910) 8,317; (1920) 10,541. ONEIDA COMMUNITY, a religious communistic society, otherwise known as Perfectionist (q.v.). ^ ONEIDAS, once a North American In- dian tribe inhabiting Central New York. A remnant in Wisconsin are well ad- vanced in civilization. O'NEIL, CHARLES, an American rear-admiral; born in Manchester, Eng- land, in 1842. He entered the American naval service as master's mate in 1861, and served in many American naval en- gagements during the Civil War. Com- missioned lieutenant in 1868, and rose successively through the grades until he became rear-admiral, in 1901. From 1897 to 1904 he was Chief of the Naval Bureau of Ordnance. In the latter year he retired but was detailed for special ordnance duty abroad for one year, in 1904. O'NEIL, JAMES, an American actor, born in Ireland in 1847. He made his first appearance on the American stage in Cincinnati in 1867, after which he ap- peared as leading man and as star in many theaters in the United States. For fifteen years he was star in "Monte Cristo," and afterwards played the star part in "The Three Musketeers" for many years. He died in 1920. ONEONTA, a village in Otsego eo., N. Y.; on the Susquehanna river, and on the Delaware and Hudson and other rail- roads; 60 miles N. E. of Binghamton. It contains a State Normal School, a State Armory, public library. National banks, and a number of daily and weekly newspapers. It has shirt factories, cigar, piano, sash and door factories, grain elevators, knitting mill, foundries, and the machine shops of the Delaware and Hudson Railroad, and an assessed valuation of over $2,000,000. Pop. (1910) 9,491; (1920) 11,582. ONION, in botany, horticulture, etc., allium cepa, and the genus Allium. The onion has been cultivated from a very early age (Num. xi: 51). A va- riety of it is called the potato, or under- ground onion. It multiplies in bulbs be- low the ground. ONIONS, OLIVER, an English novel- ist; born in 1876. Trained in the Royal School of Art and began his literary work in Paris, writing for a students' periodical. In addition to his writing, he has carried on his art work, doing mostly war pictures, posters and draw- ings for advertisements. His best-known novels are: "Little Devil Doubt" (1909); "In Accordance With the Evi- dence" (1912); "The Debit Account" (1913); "The Story of Louie" (1913); "Mushroom Town" (1915). ONOMATOPCEIA, or ONOMATOPEIA, name-making; the formation of words in imitation of the sounds made by the things signified; as, buzz, hiss, peewit, etc. ONONDAGA, LAKE, a small lake in Central New York, near Syracuse; out- let, Seneca river. ONONDAGAS, a tribe of North Amer- ican Indians living chiefly in New York. At one time they laid claim to all the country from Onondaga Lake to Lake Ontario on the N., and to the Susque- hanna river on the S. At the close of