Page:Collier's New Encyclopedia v. 09.djvu/288

TANGENT 244 TANKS are tangent to each other when they TANJORE (native, Tanjur, or Tan- have a common tangent plane at a com- javur), a town of India, capital of a mon point. This point is the point of district in the Madras province. 180 miles contact. S. S. W. of Madras city, in the midst of Artificial tangents, tangents expressed an extensive plain, on one of the branches by logarithms. Methods of tangents, the of the lower Kaveri. The principal edi- name given to the calculus in its early fices of Tanjore are the palace of the period. When the equation of a curve old rajahs, a dismantled fort and the is given, and it is required to determine Great Pagoda. This last has a perpen- the tangent at any point, this is called dicular part 2 stories in height, 82 feet the direct method of tangents, and when square, and above that 13 stories, form- the subtangent to a curve at any point ing an elongated pyramid about 100 feet is given, and it is required to determine high. The basement section is simple the equation of the curve, this is termed in outlines, but adorned by niches and the inverse method of tangents. These pilasters; the pyramidal portion is some- terms are synonjonous with the differ- what elaborately sculptured; and the ential and integral calculus. Natural whole is crowned by a dome (said to tangents, tangents expressed by natural consist of a single stone), which brings numbers. To go (or fly) off at a tangent, the total height to 190 feet. The temple to break off suddenly from one course stands in one of two great courtyards, of action, line of thought, or the like, and in the same court stand several and go on to something else. small shrines, one of which is so beau- tifully carved as to rival in interest the TANGHIN {Tanghinut venenifera), a great temple. The date of the latter is tree of Madagascar, natural order Apo- not certainly known, but is with much cynacese, bearing a fruit the kernel of probability referred to the beginning of which, about the size of a almond, is the 14th century. Silks, jewelry, ear- highly poisonous. Trial by tanghin was pets, copper vessels, and artistic models formerly used in Madagascar as a test in clay, etc., are manufactured. Pop. of the guilt or innocence of a suspected about 60,500. criminal. The person undergoing the or- deal was required to swallow a small TANKS, engines of war first employed portion of the kernel. If his stomach by the British in their attack on the rejected it he was deemed innocent, but Somme (France) in September 15, 1916. if he died, as happened in most cases. The application of the invention to war he was deemed to have deserved his fate purposes is credited partly to Majoi - and suffered the punishment of his crime. General E. D, Swinton of the Royal En- ,... .- ,s m A-KT/-.T-I7-DC. gineers and later of the British War TANGIER (tan-jer ), TANGIERS Cabinet, who was the well-known "Eye- (tan-jerz), TAN J A, a seaport and the witness" of the early part of the war, diplomatic capital of Morocco; near the ^^^ ^^ gj^ William Tritton, who had it entrance of the Strait of Gibraltar, it ^^^^^ ^^^ f^^g^. ^^^^ -^ action. But the stands on a height near a spacious bay propelling principle was the caterpillar and presents a very striking appearance ^^^^ tractor, invented about 1900 by from the sea. _ It is the principal center genjamin Holt of Stockton, Cal., which of commerce in Morocco, has consider- ^^g ^g^^ ^ ^j^g British army for tow- able trade with Europe and is tje resi- ^ y^ ^^^^ difficult fields. The dence of the foreign consuls and diplo- development to a self-propelled fort matic corps. Tangier is said to have ^^^^ enough to withstand all but the been founded by the Carthag-inians, from heaviest calibred enemy fire and yet mo- whom it passed successively to the Goths ^jjg ^^^^j, unfavorable conditions was a and Arabs. It was taken from them by ^i^^Iq one. As a motor-driven armored the Portuguese m 1471, by whom It was ^gj^-^lg^ carrying machine guns and ceded to the British in 1662 as a part gj^-iiiar pieces, it served principally both of the dowry of Catharine of Braganza j^^. purposes of defense and attack. The on her marriage with Charles II. It was ^luddy ground, shell craters, trenches, abandoned to the Moors in 1684, bom- ^^.^^g ^^^ barbed wire were traversed barded by the Spaniards m 1790, and by ^^j^^^.^ ^^ advance would have been im- the French m 1844. Pop. (1918) 46,000; poggi^ie to infantry not so provided for. European 11,000. In essentials it acted as a sort of land TANGIER ISLAND, an island of Vir- battleship for the protection of attacking ginia, in Chesapeake Bay, nearly oppo- troops. The success of the tank was site the mouth of the Potomac river. N. due in the first place to its internal com- of this island extends a range of islands bustion engine, and in the second place mostly in Somerset co., Md., dividing to the traction device developed by Holt. Tangier Sound from the rest of the bay. The mechanism had tracks on the sides, This sound is noted for its oysters. composed of a series of steel shoes linked