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TAYLOR 270 TAYLOR 100, and developed the Taylor-White process for treating high-speed tools, for which he received a gold medal in Paris. His works include: "Concrete, Plain and Re-enforced"; "Art of Cut- ting Metals"; "Concrete Costs"; "Prin- ciples of Scientific Management"; "Shop Management." TAYLOR, GRAHAM, an American social worker, born at Schenectady, N. Y., in 1851. He was educated at Rutgers College, and from there in 1870 went to the Reformed Theological Sem- inary at New Brunswick, N. J. In 1880 he became pastor of the Fourth Con- gregational Church at Hartford, Conn., acting also for four years ending in 1892 as professor of practical theology at Hartford Seminary. He then be- came professor of social economics at the Chicago Theological Seminary and from 1894 resident warden of the Chicago Commons Social Settlement, which he founded. He was president of the Chicago School of Civics and Phil- anthropy, and associate editor of "The Survey." He wrote "Religion in Social Action." TAYLOR, HANNIS, an American lawyer, born at Newbern, N. C, in 1851. He studied at the University of North Carolina, and during 1893-1897 was United States Minister to Spain. He then practiced law in Washing- ton, D. C, and began writing literature dealing with the law. He is recognized as one of the lead- ing authorities in the United States on international law. His works in- clude: "The Origin and Growth of the English Constitution" (2 vols.) ; "Inter- national Public Law"; "The Science of Jurisprudence"; "The Origin and Growth of the American Constitution"; "Life of Cicero." TAYLOR, ISAAC, known as TAYLOR OF Ongar; an English minister and au- thor; born in London, England, in 1759. He was originally an engraver. Besides sermons, he published many volumes, chiefly for the young; among which are: "Advice to the Teens"; "Beginnings of British Biography"; "Beginnings of Eu- ropean Biography"; "Biography of a Brown Loaf"; "Book of Martyrs for the Young"; "Bunyan Explained to a Child"; "Child's Life of Christ"; "Mira- bilia; or. The Wonders of Nature and Art"; "Scenes in America, in Asia, in Europe, in Foreign Lands." He died in Ongar Dec. 11, 1829. TAYLOR, JEREMY, "the modern Chrysostom"; born in Cambridge, Eng- land (baptized Aug. 15, 1613). He studied as a sizar at Caius College, and took his degree of M.A. in 1633. Shortly after he was admitted to holy orders, and his fine appearance and vivid elo- quence soon attracted admiration. He won Laud's favor, and through the in- fluence of that prelate was made a fel- low of All Soul's College, Oxford. In 1638 he was appointed rector of Upping- ham in Rutlandshire. In the civil war, Taylor, whose intellect was impregnably entrenched in reverence for ecclesiastical antiquity, naturally took the royal side, and so lost all his preferments. For many years he lived in retirement in Wales, busily engaged in writing books. In 1658 he went, on the invitation of the Earl of Conway, to Ireland. Immedi- ately after the Restoration he was made Bishop of Down and Connor, which see, as also that of Dromore, he held till his death at Lisburne Aug. 13, 1667. Tay- lor's writings may be classified as prac- JEREMY TAYLOR tical, theological, casuistic, and devo- tional. Under the first head we have a "Life of Christ" (1649), which deals with the main incidents of the gospel narrative, and steers clear of theological discussions; "Holy Living" (1650) and "Holy Dying" (1651), and "Sermons" (1651-1653). To the second class be- long his "Episcopacy Asserted" (1642) a temperate and reasoned defense of the principles of his Church, with which may be classed his "Apology for Author- ized and Set Forms of Liturgy," "The Liberty of Prophesying" (1648), "The Doctrine of Repentance, or Unum Neces- sarium" (1655), a woi-k condemned by his brethren for its arguments as to the nature of sin, and "Dissuasion from Popery" (1647). His chief casuistic work is his "Ductor Dubitantium" (1660), while his best devotional work is his "Golden Grove" (1655).