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TAYLOB 272 TEA mand in Florida, where he defeated the Indians in the battle of Okeechobee, there' by putting an end to the Indian War. In 1840 he was given command in the south- west. When Texas was annexed, he marched to Corpus Christi. In 1846 he was ordered to the Rio Grande, the Mex- ican invasion having been already planned. He established a camp oppo- site Matamoros. The Mexicans claimed that the Nueces was the actual Texas boundary, and the Mexican commander ordered Taylor to withdraw. Acting un- der orders from his government, he re- fused. Fearing his base of siipplies at Point Isabel would be cut off, Taylor marched for that place. On the way he was attacked, and won the two victories of Palo Alto and Resaca de la Palma, on two successive days. Having been or- dered to send his best troops to re-enforce General Scott, he won the victory of Buena Vista, nevertheless, in 1847, with a force much inferior to the enemy's. In 1848 he v/as nominated by the Whig Con- vention for the presidency, and was elect- ed. Inaugurated on March 4, 1849, he died in Washington, D. C, July 9, 1850. On account of his promptness and abrupt manner he was called "Old Rough and Ready." TAYLORVILLE, a city of Illinois, the county-seat of Christian co. It is on the Wabash, the Chicago and Illinois Midland, and the Baltimore and Ohio Southwestern railroads. It is the center of an important agricultural and stock raising, and coal mining region. Its in- dustries include the manufacture of pa- per, chemicals, brick, tile, and agricultu- ral implements. It has the St. Vincent Hospital, a public library, and a hand- some courthouse. Pop. (1910) 5,446; (1920) 5,806. TCHAD, CHAD, or TSAD, LAKE, a large fresh-water lake of central Africa, in the Sudan, having the territories of Bornu, Kanem, and Bagirmi surrounding it; length, about 150 miles; breadth, about 100 miles; area, about 30,000 square miles, in the rainy season and about 7,000 in the dry season. Its principal feeder is the Shari from the S., and its shores are low and marshy. The lake (which has no outlet) swarms with turtles, fish, crocodiles, and hippopotami. It contains a number of small islands, which are densely peopled, as are also great part of its shores, especially in the W., where is the large town Kuka, capital of Bornu. TCHERNAYA (cher'ni-a), a river in the Crimea. On Aug. 16, 1855, the lines of the allied army at this place were at- tacked by 50,000 Russians under Prince Gortchakoff, who was repulsed with the loss of 3,329 slain, 1,658 wounded, and 600 prisoners. The brunt of the attack was borne by two French regi- ments under General D'Herbillon. The loss of the allies was about 1,200; 200 of these were from the Sar- dinian contingent, which behaved with great gallantry, under the command of General La Marmora. The Rus- sian General Read, and the Sardinian General Montevecchio, were killed. The object of the attack was the relief of Sebastopol, then closely besieged by the English and French. TCHUDI, a name given by the Rus- sians to the Finnic races in the N. W. of Russia. It is now more generally ap- plied to designate the group of peoples of which the Finns, the Esthonians, the Livonians, and the Laplanders are mem- bers. TEA, the dried leaf of an evergreen shrub of the natural order Temstroemi- acese, for which the Linnaean botanical name of Thea Chinensis is generally cur- rent, though the genus Thea is by recent systematists merged in Camellia, and the plant is now called C. Thea of Link. It includes C. Bohea, the China plant, and C. Theifera, the indigenous Assam plant. Whether the tea shrub is indig- enous in China and Japan is a doubtful question. It appears to have been im- ported thither from Assam and Cachar, 1 — Flower TEA PLANT 2— Fruit 3— Seed and possibly also from Siam and Cochin., The fact has been historically established that the culture of tea existed in China in the 4th century, and in Japan in the 9th century, and from these countries it was exclusively obtained for any other