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STANHOPE 51 STANLEY, SIR ALBERT his name. He died in London, Dec. 15, 1816. Philip Henry, 5th earl, grandson of the preceding; born in Walmer, Kent, Jan. 30, 1805. He filled various official positions in the ministry of Sir Robert Peel, but he was best known under his title of Lord Mahon, as the author of a "History of the Succession War in Spain" (1832), a "Life of Belisarius," a "History of England from the Peace of Utrecht to the Peace of Versailles, 1713- 1783" (1854), a "Life of Pitt" (1861), and a "History of the Reign of Queen Anne" (1870). He was the founder of the Stanhope prize for a historical essay in connection with Oxford University. He died in Bournemouth, Hampshire, Dec. 24, 1875. Lady Hester Lucy, an English traveler; daughter of the 3d Earl Stanhope, born in Chevening, Eng- land, Mar. 12, 1776. For many years she resided with her uncle, William Pitt, and when he died in 1806 she received a government pension of $6,000. In 1810 she left England, visited various places in the East, and finally settled in Syria. She established herself in the deserted convent of Mar Elias in the Lebanon, adopted the style and dress of an Arab chief, and by her kindness and mascu- line energy exercised great influence over the Bedouins. Her "Memoirs" were published in 1845-1846. She died in Mar Elias, Syria, June 23, 1839, STANISLAUS AUGUSTUS, STANIS- LAUS II., the last King of Poland, son of Count Stanislaus Poniatowski; bom in STANISLAUS 11. Wolczyn, Lithuania, Jan. 17, 1732. Sent by Augustus III. of Poland on a mission to St. Petersburg, he became a favorite with the grand-princess (afterward the Empress Catherine), by whose influence he was crowned King of Poland at War- saw in 1764. The nobility, however, were discontented with this interference on the part of Russia, and forcibly com- pelled the king to abdicate (1771). He protested against the various partitions of Poland, formally resigned his sov- ereignty in 1795, and finally died in St. Petersburg, Feb. 12, 1798, as a pen- sioner of the Emperor Paul I. STANISLAUS LESZCZYNSKI, STAN- ISLAUS I., King of Poland, aftei-ward Duke of Lorraine and Bar; born in Lem- berg, Galicia, Oct. 20, 1677. His father was grand treasurer to the Polish crown, and he himself was voivode of Posen, when he was recommended to the War- saw assembly by Charles XII. of Sweden as a candidate for the vacant throne of Poland. He was accordingly elected and crowned (1705), but after the disastrous battle of Poltava (1709), when his patron Charles XII. was defeated, he had to flee from Poland. He found refuge in France ultimately, where his daughter Maria became wife to Louis XV. Assisted by the French king he sought to establish his claim to the throne of Poland in 1733, but, opposed by the united powers of Saxony and Russia, he had again to retire into France, where he held possession of the duchies of Lorraine and Bar until his death. His writings were published under the title of "Works of the Bene- ficent Philosopher" (1765). He died Feb. 23, 1766. STANLAWS, PENRHYN (PenryhN Stanley Adamson), an American por- trait painter, born in Dundee, Scotland, in 1877. He came to the United States in 1891 and studied art at Paris and London. He exhibited at the Paris Salon in 1904, and in 1908 opened a studio in New York. He built the Hotel des Artistes in New York City, the largest studio building in the United States, and was president of the Hotel des Artistes, Inc. He wrote two plays "Instinct" (1912), and "The End of the Hunting" (1915). Besides his portrait work, he was especially well known for his fre- quent cover designs for many of the most prominent magazines. STANLEY. SIR ALBERT (HENRY), a British public official, born at Derby, England, in 1875. He was educated at an American college and technical schools, and was general manager of the American electric railways for 12 years, chiefly the Detroit United Railways and the Public Service Railways of New Jersev. He became conservative Union-