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STANLEY, SIR HENRY MORTON 53 STANTON, ELIZABETH CADY tation as a correspondent by sending an account of Lord Napier's victory to Lon- don before the official dispatches arrived. In 1868 he went to Spain to report the Carlist War for the same paper. He was called away from there in October, 1869, to go in search of Dr. David Livingstone in Africa, from whom no news had been received for more than two years, and who was reported to have been killed, but whom James G. Bennett, proprietor of the "Herald," believed to be still alive. He arrived at Zanzibar in January, 1871, where he organized a large expedition of 192 men, which he sent off in five parties. His objctive point was Ujiji, which he reached, and found Livingstone, Nov. 10, 1871. After remaining with the veteran Scotch missionary and explorer four months he returned, Livingstone refus- ing to give up his enterprise till he had completed his work. In 1874 he set out on a second African expedition for the "Herald" and London "Daily Telegraph." At Zanzibar he learned that Livingstone had died in the autumn on the shore of Lake Bangweolo. He reached Victoria Nyanza in February, 1875. He was the first to circumnavigate Victoria Lake, and discovered the Shimeeyu river. He reached England again in February, 1878. Then came the Belgian enterprise, out of which was developed the Free State of Kongo, with Stanley as its con- ductor, with large means at his disposal. Near the close of 1886 Stanley, under the auspices of the Egyptian Government and of English societies and individuals, un- dertook an expedition for the relief of Emin Pasha. For this purpose he left England in January, 1887, and returned in 1890, after escorting Emin Bey and a large troop of followers from the in- terior to the coast. He wrote "How I Found Livingstone," "Through the Dark Continent," "Congo and the Founding of its Free State," "Slavery and the Slave Trade," "In Darkest Africa," "Through South Africa," etc. He was made a D. C. L. of Oxford University in 1890, and the same year was married to Miss Doro- thy TpriTiant in Westminster Abbey. In 1890-1891 he made a lecturing tour of the United States, and in 1895 was elected to Parliament. He died May 10, 1904. STANLEY FALLS, a cataract, and also a trading station, on the Kongo, 1,413 miles from the mouth of the river. Stanley Falls Station is at the head of navigation for good-sized vessels, and is in the heart of equatorial Africa. Here is an important entrepot of the African International Association. extent, dotted with islands, 325 miles from the sea. Kallina Point marks its lower extremity, and Inga Peak dom- inates the entrance to the united river above the pool. Stanley Pool is an im- portant station of the African Interna- tional Association, and several bodies of missionaries are laboring there. STANNARD, MRS. (HENRIETTA ELIZA VAUGHAN PALMER), an Eng- lish novelist, writing under the pseudo- nyms John Strange Winter and Violet Whyte; born in York, England, Jan. 13, 1856. She wrote among others: "Cavalry Life" (1881); "Regimental Legends" (1883) ; "Bootles's Baby" (1885), very popular; "Houp-la" (1885) ; "A Siege Baby" (1887) ; "Only Hu- man"; "Grip"; "Heart and Sword"; and over 40 other novels. She died in 1911. STANOVOI, or YABLONOI, a moun- tain chain- in the N. E. of Asia, which forms the boundary between Siberia and Manchuria, skirts the Sea of Okhotsk, and is continued though with gradually diminishing height, to the shores of Ber- ing Strait. The whole length of the chain has been estimated at 3,000 miles. The E. part is often distinctively called Yablonoi. This mountain range gives rise to the rivers Amur and Anadir on its S. and E. side, and to the Yenisei, Lena, Indighirka, and Kolyma on the N. and W. side. STANTON, EDWIN McMASTERS, an American statesman; born in Steuben- ville, 0., Dec. 19, 1814; was admitted to the bar in 1836; and began to practice in Cadiz, 0. He soon rose to eminence and in December, 1860, was appointed At- torney-General of the United States. In 1862 he succeeded Simon Cameron as Secretary of War and held that office for six years. His opposition to President Johnson's plan of reconstruction led the latter to request his resignation in 1867. He refused to resign, but on Aug. 12 surrendered his office under protest to General Grant as secretary ad interim. On Jan. 13, 1868, the United States Sen- ate reinstated him, but the President ap- pointed Adjt.-Gen. Lorenzo Thomas to fill his place. Stanton refused to vacate the office, however, and the impeachment of the President followed. On the Presi- dent's acquittal, Stanton resigned and resumed law practice. On Dec. 20, 1869, he was nominated by President Grant as an associate justice of the Supreme Court of the United States, but died before taking his seat, in Washington, Dec. 24. STANLEY POOL, a lake-like expan- STANTON, ELIZABETH CADY, an sion of the Kongo, 250 square miles in American reformer; born in Johnstown,