Page:Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings, 1887, vol 3.djvu/232

MARAIS 1511, where lie was one of the leaders of the Reformation until 1528, and acquired fame as a painter, poet, soldier, and statesman. Painted many monumental mural decora- tions. There are many draw- i n g s in the Basle Museum by this master, who must be counted among the most noteworthy repre- sentatives of the renaissance on this side of the Alps. Works: Beheading of St. John, Lucretia (1517), David and Bathsheba (1517), St. Ann, Pyramus and Thisbe, Judg- ment of Paris, Invocation for Deliverance from the Plague, Basle Museum ; Altai-piece with St. Luke and Birth of the Virgin, Peas- ant Wedding in IGth Century, Artist's Por- trait (1G30?), Berne Museum. Allgein. d. Biogr., xx. '275; laus Manuel (Frauenfeld, 1878) ; Ch. Blanc, !]<( >le alleinaiide ; Griineisen, Nie. Manuel, Leben u. Worke, etc. (Stuttgart tt Tiibing- en, 18:57) ; Kuglor (Crowe), i. 211) ; Nagler, MOD., iv. 770 ; Eepert. f. K, iii. 1 ; W. & W., ii. 485. MAKAIS, ADOLPHE CHARLES, born at Honlleur (Calvados) ; contemporary. Landscape painter, pupil of Busson, Ber- cluTe, and C. do Cock. Medal, 3d class, 1880. Works : Crossing the Brook (187G) ; Forest Border with Animals, Herd in the Plains (1877); Cows drinking in Forest of Touques, Hostelry Yard in Normandy, Sun- set (1878) ; Storm near Arundel, Road to Blackhurst Farm (1879) ; Pastures of Mer- ville, Herd on the Road (1880); Rest in the Woods (1881) ; The Ford (1883). MARAK, JULIUS, born at Leitomischl, Bohemia, March 29, 1835. Landscape painter and illustrator, pupil of Prague Academy under Haushofer, then studied for a short time in Munich, and settled in Vienna in 1858. Works : Congress of Storks under the Elms, Vienna Art Union ; Runic Stone in Oak Wood ; Moonrise in Pine Woods ; Forest Solitude ; Evening near Sadowa in 1866 ; Four Seasons ; Four Divisions of Day ; View in La van t Valley (1884). Meyer, Coiiv. Lex., xviii. 633 ; Miiller, 352 ; Graph. K., iv. 25 ; Kunst- C'hronik, six. 351 ; Leixner, Mod. K., ii. 19 ; Wurzbach, xvi. 411 ; Zeitschr. f. b. K, xii. 128. MARATHON, BATTLE OF. See Pance- nus. MARATTI (Maratta), CARLO, Cavaliere, born in Camerano, May 13, 1G25, died in Rome, Dec. 15, 1713. Roman school ; best and favourite pupil of Andrea Sacchi ; at first painted most- 1 y Madonnas, whence often sa- tirically called Car- luccio delle Ma- iloime. Through Sacchi's influence he ob- tained a commission to paint, in S. Giovanni in Laterano, Constantino destroying the Idols, which was highly prized. From this time he was very successful, and he became one of the most popular painters in Rome, executing many works for churches and public buildings. Among his largest and most important works was the decoration of the cupola of the church of Urbino, de- stroyed by the earthquake of 1782. Under Innocent XII. Maratti was superintendent of the paintings in the Vatican, and Clem- ent XI. conferred on him the Order of Christ and commissioned him to restore the frescos of Raphael. To this he owes much of his fame, but his restorations have been severely criticised. He was Prince of the Academy of St. Luke at the time of his death. Muratti's works are characterized rather by absence of defects than by any