Page:Cyclopedia of Painters and Paintings, 1887, vol 3.djvu/455

PAUL PAUL III., Pope, portrait, Titian, Naples Museum ; canvas, figure to knees, life-size. An aged man, seated in a crimson chair. Painted in 1543 for Cardinal Sautafiore ; a replica of an older picture now lost. Cop- ies and variations in Hermitage, St. Peters- burg ; Palazzo Pitti, Florence ; Turin Mu- seum ; Palazzo Spada, Rome ; Naples Mu- seum ; Vienna Museum ; Almviek Castle Collection, England ; and Lord Northwick Collection, ib. Vasari, ed. Mil., vii. 443 ; C. & C., Titian, ii. 85. PAULESEN, ERIK, born at Bygom near Viborg, Oct. 14, 1749, died in Copenhagen, Feb. 20, 1790. History and portrait paint- er, pupil of Copenhagen Academy ; won great gold medal in 1777, visited France and Italy in 1780-83, Norway in 1787. Member of Copenhagen Academy in 1784. In a fit of melancholia committed suicide by throwing himself out of a window. Works : Solomon's Judgment (1777) ; Alle- gory on Union of the Norse Kingdoms (1784) ; Priest Madseu bringing News from the Enemy ; Anne Colbjurnsen at the Par- sonage of Norderhoug ; Murder of Knud in St. Albani's; Two Family Scenes (1784), Copenhagen Gallery ; The Nymphs thank- ing Hercules for killing the Hydra, Schwerin Gallery. Weilbach, 531. PAULSEN, FRITZ, born at Schwerin, May 31, 1838. Genre and portrait painter, pupil of Diisseldorf Academy, and in Mu- nich of Piloty ; studied four years in Paris and in 1870 settled in Berlin. Professor. Works : Suabian Mother ; Opportune Mo- ment for Revenge (1867), Schwerin Gal- lery ; Girls' Boarding School ; Visit to Nur- sery (1872) ; Modern Don Quixote ; Sleep Well ! ; Mother's Pride ; Bunko-Steerers (1874); Jour fixe (1876); After Dinner; Lady's Portrait (1878) ; Portrait of Burgo- master Forckenbeck (1879) ; Report of the Ball (Jubilee Exhibition, Berlin, 1886).- Leixner, Mod. K, i. 73 ; Rosenberg, Berl. Malersch., 319 ; D. Rundschau, ix. 476. PAULYN, HORATIUS, second half of 17th century. Dutch school ; genre paint- er, lived long at Amsterdam, and under- took an adventurous journey to the Holy Land. His works show the influence of Rembrandt. Works : Man counting Mon- ey, Uffizi, Florence ; Mandoline Player, Count Belgiojoso, Milan ; Abraham's Sacri- fice (? attributed to Ferdinand Bol), Mentz Museum. Bode Studien, 158 ; Immerzeel, ii. 296. PAUSIAS, one of the best of Greek paint- ers, of Sicyon, son and pupil of Bryes, and scholar of Pamfihilus, about 360-330 B.C. He became most famous for his paintings in encaustic, which art he had learned from Pamphilus, and he was the first to use this method in the decoration of walls and ceil- ings. Art in his hands made great techni- cal progress, especially in the modelling of objects through skilfully treated light and shadow. This was most conspicuous in his picture of a Sacrifice, preserved in the por- tico of Pompey at Rome. The victim, a black ox, was so admirably foreshortened that, though standing with his head to the spectator, his length seemed to be measur- able ; and the shadow of the animal falling on a group of people in a strong light caused both to appear to stand out from the pict- ure. Another famous picture of his was the portrait of Glycera, a flower-girl, for a copy of which L. Lucullus paid two talents. Pliny says (xxxv. 40 [123]) that Pausias painted many small pictures, chiefly miniatures of children. Pausauias (ii. 27, 3) mentions two paintings by Pausias, in the Tholus at Epidaurus, the one representing Love, the other Drunkenness. PAUSIAS AND GLYCERA, Rubens, Grosvenor House, London ; canvas, H. 7 ft. | X 6 ft. 2 in. Sitting on a bank ; Pausias j holding the portrait of his mistress Glycera ; she holding a wreath of flowers ; other flow- ers in a vase and basket. Erroneously called 1 portraits of Rubens and his first wife. Waagen, Treasures, ii. 164 ; Smith, ii. 219. PAUSINGER, FRANZ VON, born in 405