wards was promoted to the deanery of St. Martin's. He was one of the twelve nominated on the king's side to draw up the provisions of Oxford in June 1258, and was continued in his office on swearing not to put the seal to any writ which had not the approbation of the council as well as the king.
On the flight of Ethelmar de Lusignan, bishop of Winchester, the king's half-brother, in 1259, the monks elected Wingham his successor. Anxious not to offend the king, he at first refused the honour, but afterwards prevailed on the king to accept him if Ethelmar did not succeed in obtaining consecration from the pope (Matt. Paris, v. 731). He soon afterwards, however, accepted the bishopric of London. He was elected on 29 June 1259, received back the temporalities on 11 July, was consecrated on 15 Feb. 1260, and on 18 Oct. retired from the chancery. The king allowed him to keep his deanery and ten valuable prebends and rectories. He died on 13 July 1262, and was buried in his own cathedral. Another Henry de Wingham was prebendary of Newington and archdeacon of Middlesex in 1267, when he died (Le Neve, ii. 327, 417).
[Godwin, De Præsulibus Angliæ (1616), p. 241; Hennessy's Nov. Rep. Eccl. Londin.; Le Neve's Fasti, ed. Hardy; Bémont's Rôles Gascons; Devon's Issues from the Exchequer; Madox's Hist. of the Exchequer; Foss's Judges of England, and authorities cited in text.]
WINI (d. 675?), bishop of London, was an Englishman, and probably a West-Saxon by birth, though consecrated by bishops of Gaul. He was made bishop of the western portion of the West-Saxons, with his see at Winchester, by Cenwalh [q. v.], king of the West-Saxons, though Agilbert already held the West-Saxon bishopric, having his see at Dorchester in Oxfordshire. Offended by this intrusion, Agilbert left his diocese, and Wini became sole bishop of the West-Saxons (Bede, Hist. Eccl. iii. 7). Wini's intrusion is given by the chronicler under 660, but he says that Wini held the see for three years; he was certainly holding it in 665, and Florence of Worcester dates his expulsion 666; Dr. Bright adopts the chronicler's date 660. Bishop Stubbs suggests 663, which is apparently with good reason maintained by Mr. Plummer. When, probably in 666, Ceadda or Chad [q. v.] came to him for consecration during a vacancy of the see of Canterbury, Wini performed the rite with the assistance of two British bishops, whom he invited to join him in spite of their holding to the Celtic Easter (ib. c. 28). He was expelled from his bishopric by Cenwalh in 666, for what reason is not known; he went to Wulfhere, king of the Mercians, and bought from him the see of London. He was not present at the synod of Hertford held by Theodore in 673. Rudborne preserves a legend that repenting of his simony he retired to Winchester, and lived there in penitence for the last three years of his life (Anglia Sacra, i. 192). This is exceedingly doubtful, for Bede says that he remained bishop of London until his death, which is supposed to have taken place in 675, the year of the consecration of his successor, Erkenwald [q. v.]
[Bede, as quoted, ed. Plummer, see notes in vol. ii. 146–7; A.-S. Chron. ann. 660, 664; Flor. Wig. ann. 660, 666, 675 (Engl. Hist. Soc.); Bright's Early English Church Hist. pp. 209–10, 241, 245, 247, 275, ed. 1897; Stubbs's Reg. Sacr. Angl. p. 5, ed. 1897; Haddan and Stubbs's Councils, &c., iii. 121 n.]
WINKWORTH, CATHERINE (1827–1878), author, was born in London at 20 Ely Place, Holborn, on 13 Sept. 1827. She was the fourth daughter of Henry Winkworth, a silk merchant, the youngest son of William Winkworth, an evangelical clergyman and a member of a Berkshire family. Her mother, Susanna Dickenson, was daughter of a Kentish yeoman farmer. In 1829 the Winkworths removed to Manchester, and there Catherine's education was chiefly carried on by governesses at home; she studied also under the Rev. William Gaskell and Dr. James Martineau. The family was always on intimate terms with the Gaskells, and Catherine declared that she owed to Mr. Gaskell her knowledge of English literature and her appreciation of style. On 21 April 1841 her mother died, and in 1845 her father married, as his second wife, Miss Leyburn. In the spring of that year Catherine went to Dresden to join an aunt who was living there in order to educate her daughters, and her residence there (she stayed until July 1846) gave an impetus to her study of German. In 1850 her father built himself a house at Alderley Edge, about fifteen miles from Manchester, where the family lived for about twelve years.
In 1853 Catherine published the first series of her ‘Lyra Germanica,’ translations made by herself of German hymns in common use. The first edition was soon sold out, and by 1857 the book was in a fifth. There have been twenty-three editions since. In 1858 a second series was published, and that volume has had twelve editions. A selection appeared in 1859. Catherine Winkworth's translations of German hymns are very
