Page:Elementary Chinese - San Tzu Ching (1900).djvu/110

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Tsai see line 193. [The Chou dynasty lasted from B.C. 1122–B.C. 255.]

202.	最	長	久	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	the longest dynasty of all.
	Tsui⁴	ch'ang²	chiu³
	Very	long	lasting

Tsui is composed of 冃 mao an old word for a hat, as radical, over 取 ch'ü to take. It originally meant to seize, to collect; and from the idea of collecting many came its modern sense as a superlative. [Ch'ü to take is composed of 耳 êrh ear and 又 yu hand (line 18), and refers to the old custom of cutting off the left ears of prisoners in war for transmission to the victorious chieftain or prince.]

Ch'ang see line 39.

Chiu was an old radical, and was explained as a picture of cauterisation from behind, to cauterise being expressed later on by the addition of 火 huo fire as radical, thus 炙. How it came to signify length of time is not clear. It is now classed under radical 丿 p'ieh. ["Being peerless in length of duration" is Eitel's strange rendering of this line.]

203.	周	轍	東	$\scriptstyle {\left.{\begin{matrix}\ \\\\\ \\\ \ \end{matrix}}\right\}\,}$	When the Chous made tracks eastwards,
	Chou¹	c'hê⁴	tung¹
	Chou	cart-rut	east

Chou see line 141.

Ch'ê is composed of 車 ch'ê cart as radical, and a common phonetic. It is colloquially read chê⁴.

Tung see line 62. [In B.C. 781, during the reign of 平王 King P'ing, the capital was transferred from 鎬 Hao in the modern province of Shensi to 洛邑 Lo-i in Honan. [Eitel wrongly gives B.C. 770 as the date, and Père Zottoli contents himself with a note explaining that the Court was moved "ad orientem."]