cluding the exact location of the six color standards in the solar spectrum by their wave lengths:—
"With these standards to work from, I undertook to deter- mine the color analysis of certain of our common flowers. The following results, will, I think, be interesting to botanists. The numbers given indicate per cent, of color required to produce the hue of the flower : —
Common forsythia, F. viridissima : Pure spectrum yellow.
Fringed polygala, P. paucifolia : R. 48, V. 52.
Wistaria, W. frutescens, wings : R. 11, V. 89.
Wistaria, W. frutescens, standard : R. 9, V. 79, W. 12.
Flowering quince, Cydonia japonica : R. 95, V. 2, W. 3.
Wild cranesbill, Geranium maculatum : R. 28, V. 66, W. 6.
The variations of color in the early summer foliage is also interesting. The following analyses are for the upper side of fresh and well developed healthy leaves. It is not impossible that. a little attention to these variations in the color of foliage on the part of artists would save us the annoyance of some of the abominable green which we so often see in the pictures of artists of good reputation:—
White oak: Y. 7. 5, G. 11.5, N. 81.
Apple: Y. 5, G. 13, W. 2, N. 80.
Copper beech : R. 17, V. 2, N. 81.
Hemlock: Y. 2, G. 9, N. 89.
White pine : Y. 2. 5, G. 11, N. 86. 5.
White birch: Y. 5.5, G. 11. 5, W. 1, N. 82.
Hornbeam: Y. 5. 5, G. 12. 5, N. 82.
Shagbark hickory : Y. 4. 5, G. 9. 5, N. 86.
These analyses were made in a moderately strong diffused light with Maxwell disks of the standard hues referred to above."
These are but a few of the numerous flowers the colors of which may be perfectly imitated and consequently analyzed and named with the color wheel or the top. In fact for individual work in natural history the top is more convenient than
