concretions, which he jocosely called his turquoises, are an excessively rare phenomenon. A year after, I saw again a few blue gall-stones, evacuated by a Russian field-officer, who, during the campaign in Persia, caught a most obstinate intermittent fever, in consequence of which he was sent to Carlsbad. Those blue concretions drew the attention of many eminent physicians; unluckily no analysis took place, but all sorts of conjectures were hazarded on the origin of that colour, amongst others an ingenious one, proposed by a learned Saxon gentleman, founded upon the presence of copper, which analytical researches have proved to exist in several articles of our daily vegetable and animal food. (Almanach for 1833, ch. V.). The celebrated J. G. Walter, of Berlin, collected innumerable gall-stones, described, after his death, by his son Frederick-Augustus, in the Anatomisches Musaeum, I. Th. Berlin. 1796. Some blue ones are to be seen. Plate II et IV.
The most extraordinary case of biliary concretions expelled by the action of our waters, has been published by Dr. Leo († 1729), with the analysis of those concretions by Dr. Pleischl, professor of chemistry at Prague, under the title of Merkwürdige Krankengeschichte einer Gallenstein-Kranken, nebst der chemischen Analyse und Abbildung dieser Gallensteine und des krystallisirten Cholestrins. Prag, 1826. Every one of the four biliary calculi, evacuated at Carlsbad by Leo’s patient, a Saxon lady, sixty-five years of age, are, according to the very correct
