Page:Experimental researches in chemistry and.djvu/123

Fahr. below 0°, and is then a white, crystalline, translucent substance, not remaining clear and transparent in the solid state like water, carbonic acid, nitrous oxide, &c., but forming a mass of confused crystals like common salt or nitrate of ammonia, solidified from the melted state. As it fuses at temperatures above -122°, the solid part sinks freely in the fluid, indicating that it is considerably heavier. At this temperature the pressure of its vapour is less than one atmosphere-not more, probably, than 0'8 of an atmosphere, so that the liquid allowed to evaporate in the air would not solidify as carbonic acid does.

The following is a Table of the tension of its vapour, the marked numbers being close to experimental results, and the rest interpolated. The curve resulting from these numbers, though coming out nearly identical in different series of experiments, is apparently so different in its character from that of water or carbonic acid, as to leave doubts on my mind respecting it, or else of the identity of every portion of the fluid obtained, yet the crystallization and other characters of the latter seemed to show that it was a pure substance.

Fahr	Atmospheres.
	-100	1.02
*	-94	1.09
*	-90	1.15
*	-83	1.27
	-80	1.33
*	-74	1.50
	-70	1.59
*	-68	1.67
	-60	1.93
*	-58	2.00
*	-50°	2.35
	-45	2.59
*	-40	2.86
	-30	3.49
*	-24	3.95
*	-20	4.24
*	-16	4.60
	-10	5.11
*	-2	5.90
	0°	6.10
	10	7.21
	20	8.44
*	26	9.36
	30	9.94
	40	11.84
*	48	13.70
	50	14.14
*	52	14.60

Carbonic Acid.—The solidification of carbonic acid by M. Thilorier is one of the most beautiful experimental results of modern times. He obtained the substance, as is well known, in the form of a concrete white mass like fine snow, aggregated. When it is melted and re solidified by a bath of low temperature, it then appears as a clear, transparent, cystalline, colourless body, like ice; so clear indeed, that at times it was doubtful to the eye whether anything was in the tube, yet at