for the management of the railroads. The Plumb Plan is significant not because it is necessarily the best possible plan for the railway industry, but because for the first time it introduced the idea of workers' control on a large scale into the more conservative sections of the labor movement, such as the old railroad brotherhoods and the A. F. of L. It calls for government ownership of the roads, and for their management by a board composed of three representatives of the classified (mostly manual) workers, three representatives of the executive and technical staffs, and three representatives of the government. An elaborate system was worked out for the distribution of the surplus earnings among those interested.
9. Labor Education
Education of workers under the auspices of the unions them:selves has grown very rapidly within the last few years. This movement was started by the International Ladies' Garment Workers' Union, which established classes and lectures in New York and elsewhere. It was soon taken up by the Amalgamated and other unions, which in 1918 established the United Labor Education Committee. Last year the Amalgamated established its own educational department on a national scale, and work is being carried on all over the country. The Pennsylvania State Federation of Labor now has an educational committee, and Trade-Union Colleges,
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