Page:History of Greece Vol VIII.djvu/111

CONDUCT OF THE PEOPLE. 89 Indistinctly as we make out the particular proceedings of the Athenian people at this restoration of the democracy, we know From the psephism of Patroklcides, passed six years subsequently, after the battle of ^Egospotamos, we learn that the names of such among the Four Hundred as did not stay to take their trial, were engraved on pillars distinct from those who were tried and condemned either to fine or to various disa- bilities Andokidus de Mysteriis, sects. 75-78 : Kat oaa bvofiara -Civ rerpo xoziuv Ttvbf tyyeypcrzi, 7} d/l/.o ri rrrpi TUV kv -y ohiyapx'ia Kpax&evTuv lor 1 . TTOV ye-ypa.fifj.evov, TrAf/v OTTO era tv crr^/tatc yiypanrai TUV uf/ iv&ade p ei vu VTU v, etc. These last names, as the most criminal, were exccpted from the amnesty of Patrokleides. We here sec that there were two categories among the condemned Four Hundred : 1. Those who remained to sfand the trial of accountability, and were condemned either to a fine which they could not pay. or to some posi- tive disabilitv. 2. Those who did not remain to stand their trial, and were condemned par contumace. Along with the first category we find other names besides those of the Four Hundred, found guilty as their partisans: aM.o TI (ovo/na) irepl TUV kv TTJ b7.iyapxi$ Kpax&evruv. Among these partisans we may rank the sol- diers mentioned a little before, sect. 75: ol arpartuTai, oZf on. kxef vav I IT I TUV TV pltVV UV h> TTJ TTO/lf I, TU fJLEV (I/U.O 1V UTTfp TOif irofaTaif, c'nrdv (5' iv TU drjfiu OVK ifjv avroif oMe {tovfavaat, Avherc the preposition i~l seems to signify not simply contemporaneousness, but a sort of intimate connection, like the phrase iirl Trpoorurov O'LKECV (sec Matthise, Gr. Gr. sect. 584 ; Kuhner, Gr. Gr. sect. 611). The oration of Lysias pro Polystrato is on several points obscure : but we make out that Polystratus was one of the Four Hundred who did not come to stand his trial of accountability, and was therefore condemned in his absence. Severe accusations were made against him, and he was falsely asserted to be the cousin, whereas he was in reality only fellow-dcmot, of Phrynichus (sects. 20, 24, 11 ). The defence explains his non-appearance, by saying that he had been wounded at the battle of Eretria, and that the trial took place immediately after the deposition of the Four Hundred (sects. 14. 24). He was heavily fined, and deprived of h s citizenship (sects. 15, 33, 38). It would appear that the fine was greater than his property could discharge ; accordingly this fine, remaining unpaid, would become chargeable upon his sons after his death, and unless they could pay it. they would come into the situation of insolvent public debtors to the state, which would debar them f 'om the exercise of the rights of citizenship, so long as the debt remained rnpnid. But while Polystratus was alive, his sons were not liable to tho stite for the payment of his fine; and they therefore still remained citizens, and in the full exercise of their rights, though he was disfranchised. They were three sons, all of whom had served with credit as hoplites, and even as horsemen, in Sicily and elsewhere. In the speech before us, one of them prefers a petition to the dikastery, that the sentence passed against his fathei