Page:History of Greece Vol X.djvu/341

OLYMPIC FESTIVAL. gig match and the wrestling-match came first in order. The running- match had already been completed, and those who had been suc- cessful enough in it to go on contending for the prize in the other four points, had begun to wrestle in the space between the stadium and the great altar, 1 when suddenly the Eleians were seen en- tering the sacred ground in arms, accompanied by their allies the Acho2ans, and marching up to the opposite bank of the little river Kladeus, which flowed at a little distance to the westward of the Altis, or interior enclosed precinct of Zeus, falling afterwards into the Alpheius. Upon this the Arcadians drew up in armed order, on their own side of the Kladeus, to resist the farther approach of the Eleians. 2 The latter, with a boldness for which no one gave 1 Xen. Hellen. vii, 4, 29. Kal TTJV JJ.EV iTTirodpojiiav ydr] eire^oir/iceaav, KOI T& 6pojj.LK.ti TOV TrevTo.'&Tiov ol 6' elg naXijv uQinofievoi OVKETL kv rip dpo/nu, uTJ^d, fiETa^v TOV 6p6fj.ov Kal TOV pufiov ETtdTiaiov. O I yap 'HAe cu iraprj- cav rj6rj, etc. Diodorus erroneously represents (xv, 78) the occurrence as if the Eleians had been engaged in celebrating the festival, and as if the Pisatans and Arcadians had marched up and attacked them while doing so. The Ele- ians were really the assailants. 8 Hen. Hellen. /. c. Ol -yap 'H/leioi Trapqaav aiiv Tolf dtrZoie etc TO re- jjLEvof. Oi (Je 'Ap/caJef TtopfiuTspu JJ.EV OVK uirrjVTijaav, em 6e TOV K/la duov xoTu.fi.ov TtapETat-avTO, of Trapa TTJV "Ahriv KaTappsuv elf TOV "Atyeiov Ifj.f3u%- AEL. Kaiftr/vol 'HAe<o Tuirl t?arepa TOV TTOTU/J.OV irapeTa avro, o<j>ayiaauftvoi de ev&ve e^wpow. The TEfievof must here be distinguished from the Altis ; as meaning tho entire breadth of consecrated ground at Olympia, of which the Altis formed a smaller interior portion enclosed with a wall. The Eleians entered into the TEftevof before they crossed the river Kladeus, which flowed through tho TefiEvof, but alongside of the Altis. The tomb of CEnomaus, which was doubtless included in the TCjUevof, was on the right bank of the Kladeus (Pausan. vi, 21, 3) ; while the Altis was on the left bank of the river. Colonel Leake (in his Peloponnesiaca, pp. 6, 107) has give a copious and instructive exposition of the ground of Olympia, as well as of the notices left by Pausanias respecting it. Unfortunately, little can be made out cer- tainly, except the position of the great temple of Zeus in the Altis. Nei- ther the positions assigned to the various buildings, the Stadion, or tho Hippodrome, by Colonel Leakc, nor those proposed by Kiepert in the plan comprised in his maps nor by Ernst Curtius, in the Plan annexed to his recent Dissertation called Olympia (Berlin, 1852) rest upon very sufficient evidence. Perhaps future excavations may hereafter reveal mucb that is now unknown.