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NOTES 271 P. 159, 1. 7. Gregory attributes the assassination of Sigibert to Fredegunda (p. 100). P. 159, 1. 17. Bourges belonged to Gunthram; Tours, Poitiers, Angers, Nantes, to Chilperic. P. 162, 1. 15. The Mummolus mentioned here is a different person from Mummolus the patrician. See Index. P. 162, 1. 26. Gregory's attitude toward the story in general is not skeptical ; but he regarded the diabolical powers as always deceitful. Cf. p. 116 : " What the devil promises is not to be believed." P. 163, 1. 29. To take Riguntha as bride of the king of Spain. P. 164, 1. 29. This should be regarded as a tax rather than as a free-will offering. Brunner, Deutsche Rechtsgeschichte, vol. II, p. 70. P. 166, 1. 3. See note on p. 133. P. 169, 1. 30. Nimia excesus abstinentia. The translation of these words is difficult. Excesus maybe taken as excisus {ex, caedere). Caedere is fre- quently used in Gregory's writings in the sense of flog. The compound how- ever does not appear to be found elsewhere in Gregory, and Bonnet, p. 422, note I, suggests for excesus, exesus (devoured, consumed), which however does not give a plausible meaning. P. 170, 1. I. Eoglogias {eulogiae). Blessed or consecrated bread, not the eucharist. Bingham, Christian Antiquities, vol. V, 186 f. P. 171, 1. 32. Sallust, Catilina, c. 3. P. 173, 1. 12 f. See pp. 119, 145. P. 175, 1. 13. Duke Desiderius had been in the service of Chilperic; he now joined the pretender Gundovald. P. 175, 1. 30. The occasion is described on pp. 158-160. P. 175, c. 14. This chapter furnishes a good example of the way in which their " sacred character " protected legates. The outward symbol of this " character " was a " consecrated wand." Hist. Franc, VII, 32. P. 176, 1. II. Du Cange defines Ballomer sisfalsus dominus, pseudo-princeps. It is regarded as a word of Prankish origin with termination in -mer, like Clodo- mer. P. 177, 1. 9 f. The meaning of this probably is that Leonard was stripped of the insignia of office which he had retained. Brunner, Deutsche Rechts- geschichte, vol. II, p. 81, Note. P. 178, 1. 18. Gunthram appears here more as the avenger of his kinsman according to the old custom than as king with a new order of justice at his hand. Cf. Brunner, vol. I, p. 325 (edition of 1906). P. 178, 1. 35. The reference is probably to the estates granted {commen- datum) to him by the king. P. 181, 1. 9. The vicar {also tribunus, judex loci) was an officer subordinate to the count. Injuriosus had been obliged to borrow money, having either failed to collect the taxes in full or spent the money otherwise. P. 182, c. 29. The interest of this chapter lies in the vivid manner in which the fear of St. Martin is depicted as a present reality to the people of the time.