reasons as if every situation and all circumstances, moral
and physical, demanded the same political regimen. The
manners, the colour, and the social qualities, of the brute
creation, are changed by education ; is reason condemned
to persist in errours. from which instinct Las in some degree
escaped? His examples are extracted in the second and
third volumes, at great length, from the Italian republicks.
To be guided by these, we must shut our eyes upon the day
light shining around, and dive after our character and capacity into the caverns of antiquity. Can any ingenuity induce us to believe, that a picture of human depravity and ignorance, during the middle age, is our picture? In considering this rosary of causes, it will hardly be over looked,
that Mr. Adams has been as evidently a theorist, as in assigning power to title, and forgetting to assign it to wealth.
These cases are confined to the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. "We relinquish the use of the deep ignorance with which these centuries had been overspread by the recent irruptions and conquests of barbarians, and will endeavour to reason in a mode more conclusive.
Mr. Adams considers Florence as affording an experiment of the most weight. He enumerates sundry evils endured by that city, and infers that his system would have prevented them. The inference is drawn, not from a comparison between the government of Florence, and other forms existing at the same period, which might have furnished probable conclusions; but from a comparison between governments which existed at periods extremely distant from each other. Parallels between contemporaries, will be allowed to furnish a sounder inference. His history of Florence commences in the year 1?15. The parliament of England received the shape of king, lords and commons, as far back as that year; indeed, an act of parliament appears to have been pleaded, made in the reign of William the conqueror. From hence to the end of the fifteenth century, when Mr. Adams's history of Italian miseries ends, the balance of power and property in England among
