)
AWalensi
iiicliiilpd
.IKWISII
Till-:
Alzey
Jews
lis
well
Cliristiiiiis.
iis
It sccnis
ti>
lliccountry of Jews. To the city eoiincil of Ariiheiin mid XUtplicii, for ex ample, lie wrote timt in ciisc any Jews were found in those places, they were lo be arrested and held until further orders from him. The eoiincil evidently an lieipated Alva's desire in the matter; for its report read that " there wore no Jews amoii>; them." Furthcrniore, the few Jews reniaiiiinir in the town of
Imvc
ln'i'ii
Alva's
inti'iilion to lid
Wiijrjreiiinjjen, CJeldeiland,
were e.vpelled
ill
eelehra-
of a Spanish infante. Alva's liostility. moreover, grew manifest in his attitude toward Hot li at Liege, and at .Viilthe hooks of the Jews, werp, there appeareil under liis auspices, in the years l.'iTO Hiid l.")Tl, copicsof the Trent " Index of I'rohili tion of tlw
iiirtli
ited Hooks," which hail lieeii piililislied in l,">(i4.ancl to which, in Alva's edition, were appended the most rigorous Sjianisli amendments. The latter interdicleil "all hooks written in llelirew, and those in any other langiia.ice which contain Jewish cereiiionics or which Thus, the Honmncc translatreat of Jewish life."
tion of Josephlis' " Alitii|ilitics of the .lews," was (See C'e.nsokshiI' ok anathematized as heretical.
a converted Jew, and is therein called "the delight and the ornament of the w hole Jewry," Isabel Nunez Alvarez, of Viseii in Portugal, wife of .Miguel Uodiigucz of .Madrid; was the owner of a synagogue, situated on the street "de las Infantes" She died a martyr's death in the llames, in Madrid. Pile Ini|iiisilion ordered the synagogue July 4,l(i3-. to be torn down, and n|)on its site a Ca)>iicliiii moiiaslerv was siibsi'(|iiently erected, (See Kay.serling. "Scp'hanliin," |ip, i03, 340,) Jacob Alvarez, a member of the academy "Arbol de las Villas (Tree of Life) in Amsterdam in <ix. He is spoken of as "its light," and "the ,shield of the "
Talmud."
Joseph Israel Alvarez was, daiii
I'npper, Tlir
<'i'n--«'rsiiiii
til'
llihrrw
/Jofj/t'.f.
p,
.V>.
New
fsSKI.
II,
ALVALENSI, SAMUEL: iMirn,
14:!."i;
member of
("
diction.
Juan Alvarez, tim of
a physician of Zafra, the first vicLima. He, his father .Vlonzo, his ehildreii were all publicly burnt as
ilie Iiiipiisition in
his wife,
and
adherents of Judaism about
Jew,
Hist.
.Six- "
ii.
T."i
iii.
(See " Publ,
l.'iMU.
iv.
Am.
7.").)
vi.
Leonora Alvarez was convicted
BiBt.locRAPiiY: Gratz, ^r.irh,</,,/H'lfii,,'!<l <'rt„lx.477: Rpiisch, IJir Iiiilrx dir Virlinlfiiiii Illlclii r. I, Viitt sn/.. Bi>nn, ISKi-
Yelk,
in lOHJ, a
de los Floridos ") ill Amsterhe was distinguished for the elegance of his
the ac;ideniy of poets
Books, )
HTt;
480
EXCYCLUI'KDIA
died,
1
l.sT.
lie
Spanish
G. K.
author;
was the son of the learned
Abialiam Alvaleiisi, of Toledo, and piijiil of Isaac He was the Campantoii, the last Gaoii of Castile. author of a small treatise, entitled " Kelale Kal weHomer" (Hiiles of the Deduction a fortiori), which It was |)iil)lislied treats of Talmiidic methodology. in a compilation, "Mehaiere Nemcrim," by Abraham ,M. K. Akra, Venice, Vm. '
ALVALENSI, SAMUEL:
Perhaps the grandson of the above; was born in Spain at the end of the lifteenth century, was taken after the expulsion of 14!)'.J to Fez. where he became the favorite of King Abu Said, of the Meiines dynasty. About l.")3() the Xarifes rose against the Meriues, and Samuel Alvalensi, together with some of the loyal alcaldes, fitted out a fleet and sailed with four hiinilreil men loCeiita, which was then besieged by the rebels. Despite the numerical superiority of the enemy, who mustered 30,00(J men, he inflicted upon them heavy los.scs and compelled them to raise the siege and to return to Fez, lie showed similar courage in 1.539 at the relief of Sati, Samuel afterward settled in Azamor, mnLiOf!K,vpiiv: Diccci (le Torres, J/wfoi're rfcv Clirrifs, Frpiieti translation t>,v tbeDiikeof An(?oiileine, the fattier, p, tit) .lMmIi, i'oHe)/r»(/iVi, 'pp. ;j(I,T ct scq.i De Barrios, Historkt Universalis Judai/ra, p. H,
of having .sevJudaism, and was burnt in SeWiA. at the age of forty. Alonzo Al-
eral tiiiiis lapsed to ville,
June
G,
varez, her brother, was condemned to life-iinprisonment at the same time for lieing a .Jew, Meir b. Solomon Alvarez. See Ai.ocades, Meik It.
.Slil.oMnN,
Moses Alvarez was
member
a
of the
Soc,"
vi.
7().
Simon Alvarez, of the
lii(|Uisilioii in
of Oporto, was the first victim Coimbra. his place of residence.
He was
arrested on the ehar.u'e of practising Jiidafound guilty u]ion cvidenei' extorted from his little daughter, and, together with his wife, burnt at isiii.
the stake.
Antonio Alvarez-Soares, a Spanish ]ioet. He composeila poem upon the dedication of the first synagogue established
in
Amsterdam
in 1007.
ALVAREZ
or
ALVARES: Name
of a His-
pano-I'ortiigiicse family which has included among its members many scholars, distinguished men, and martyrs. Bmncliesof the family have settled in Holland, France, England, and America.
Duarte Henriques Alvares
A Portuguese Ma-
rano; lived several yearsat Jladrid, and afterward in the Canary Islands, where he occupied the jiosition of royal treasvirer. In 16.")3 be went thence to Lomlon, and was one of the first members of the small and (See " Transsecret Jewish community of that city, actions of the Jew. Hist. Soc. Eng.," i. 83 et neq.) Garcia Alvarez, of Astorga, whose Jewish name was Samuel Dios-Ayuda (= Joshua), was a wealthy and benevolent man. He is mentioned about 1400 in a satire written by the priest, Diego de Valencia.
The
poet,
Daniel Levi de Barrios, who ])osse.ssed the manuscript of his ]ioeins. describes him as an able versifier. Antonio Alvarez-Soares, of Lisbon, a namesake of the iiieceiling, was also a poet. He was much esteemed in Lisbon for his lyrics. He published in 1028 a collection of |ioems called "Varias Rimas." He emigrated to Flanders in 1030. Bini.ioiiR.ti'iiv: De Barrios. Triiimplu} del (lor. Popular, pp. St,/,; liarhosa .Macliado. llil,liolcva Kavserlin^', Si ijluirdim, pp, 175, Sill,
Til <(
M, K,
academy
"Arbol de las N'iilas " in Amsterdam, from 1741 to 1701, Another Moses Alvarez was one of the first settlers in Newport, R, I. He was naturalized in (See " Publ. Am. Jew, Hist, 1741, and died in 17G0.
Limtaiia,
1.
2iii:
M, K.
ALVARO DE LUNA A gifteil
Spanish states-
of the fifteenth century who attained the highest military rank, that of Grand Constable. With
man
Chancellor Don Juan Furtado de Mendoza and Don Abraham IJenveniste, he exercised for many years unlimited infiiience over the young and weak king, I). Juan II. of Castile. Throughout his life Alvaro was a friend of the Jews and prot*'Ctor of the Maraiios, both of whom were promoted by him to the
highest offices,
Abraham Ben veniste, with whom he was intimately associated for thirty years, and Joseph ha-Nassi were appointed by him as farmers-in chief of taxes. Of the
- Iaranos, Diego Gonsalez was made general receiver
(contador mayor) Diego Arias Davila, mana,irer of the royal revenues; Juan Alfonso de Baena, royal private secretary ; and Juan l^acheco became through Owing to liiiii the trusted companion of the king.
