Bureau of Standards 1926 measurements of Munsell papers (30); the adoption in 1939 of a system of standardized color designations by the Inter-Society Color Council, the limits being defined in terms of the Munsell notation (31); the measurement of a master set of Munsell papers at the National Bureau of Standards; the conversion of the colors of the Maerz and Paul Dictionary of Color, the color standards of The Textile Color Card Association of the United States, Inc., and of other standard color data, into Munsell notation. Certain of this work is already partially or wholly available, certain of it appears in the four reports which follow and the rest will be made available as it becomes ready for publication.
Final
From this review it is hoped that the reader will be able to recognize the vitality of a color system that has grown so much in usefulness since first proposed in the early 1900’s. That we should know in exact detail the various plans of the originator is now more interesting than important. His simple notation for color and the descriptions and charts made available for practical work, not only for teaching and understanding color, but for color measurement and coordination, have been an outstanding contribution to color knowledge. For this contribution the science of colorimetry is truly indebted to Albert H. Munsell, artist and art teacher.
Literature Cited
1. Who’s Who in America (A. N. Marquis & Company, Chicago, Vol. X, 1918-19) and National Cyclopedia of American Biography, Vol. 12, p. 316.
2. A. H. Munsell, A Color Notation (1st edition, 1905; 2nd edition, 1907; 3rd edition, with new preface, 1913; 4th edition, 1916; Geo. H. Ellis Co., Boston): (5th edition, 1919; 6th edition, 1923; 7th edition, 1926; 8th edition, edited and rearranged, 1936; Munsell Color Company).
3. A. H. Munsell, Atlas of the Munsell Color System (Wadsworth-Howland & Company, Malden, Massachusetts, 1915). (Preliminary charts A and B published 1910.)
4. A. H. Munsell, Color Diary. Bibliofilm Document No. 1307 ($2.50) obtainable from the American Documentation Institute, 2101 Constitution Avenue, Washington, D. C.
5. A. H. Munsell, “A new classification of color,” Trans. No. 78, New England Cotton Mfrs. Assn. (1905); “On a scale of color values and a new photometer,” Technology Quarterly (1905); ‘‘A new color system based on photometric measurement,” Eastern Assn. of Physics Teachers (1907); ‘Children’s studies in measured colors,” published by author (1907); “A new color system,’ Proc. Joint Report, Massachusetts Normal Art School (1907); “‘A measured training of the color sense,” Education (1909); “On the relation of the intensity of chromatic stimulus (physical saturation) to chromatic sensation,” Psychol. Bull. 6, 238 (1909); “Color and an eye to discern it,” Eastern Art & Manual Training Teachers Assn. (1912); “A pigment color system,” Psychol. Bull. 9, 68-69A (1912); “A pigment color system and notation,” Am. J. Psychol. 23, 236 (1912); Color Balance, Illustrated, published by author (1913); “A quantitative classification of color,” Archives Internationales de Physiologie, Vol. 14, p. 77 (Abstract of paper given at Groningen, 1913); “An introduction to the Munsell Color System,” from A Grammar of Color (1921)
6. A. H. Munsell, A Grammar of Color (Strathmore Paper Company, Mittineaque, Massachusetts, 1921).
7. T. M. Cleland, A Practical Description of the Munsell Color System (Munsell Color Company, 1921).
8. Priest, Gibson and McNicholas, “An examination of the Munsell Color System,” Bur. Stand. Technologic Paper No. 167 (September, 1920).
9. E. Q. Adams, “A comparison of the Fechner and Munsell scales of luminous sensation value,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. and Rev. Sci. Inst. 6, 9 (1922).
10. A. E. O. Munsell, and I. H. Godlove, “Colorimetry with reflection standards: a quasi-psychological method and data for the interconversion of physical and psychological color specification,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 24, 267 (1934).
11. Munsell, Sloan and Godlove, “Neutral value scales. I. Munsell neutral value scale,”’ J. Opt. Soc. Am. '23 , 394(1933).
12. I. H. Godlove, “Neutral value scales. II. A comparison of results and equations describing value scales,” J. Opt. Soc. Am. 23, 419 (1933).
13. Munsell Book of Color (Munsell Color Company, standard edition, 1929; pocket-size edition, 1929).
14. F. G. Cooper, Munsell Manual of Color (Munsell Color Company, 1929).
15. Walter M. Scott, “Color specification—physical, physiological and psychological,” Am. Dyestuff Reporter 17, 775 (1928); “Color science applied to textiles”, ibid., 18, 60 (1929); “Practical matching and recording of colors,” Melliand, 1, 265 (1929); “The Munsell system of color specification,” paper presented at the conference on color, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, July 24, 1936. Reprinted in Modern Plastics (Feb. 1937); Rayon Textile Monthly (Dec. 1936); abstracted in Scientific American, p. 241 (Oct. 1936).
