Most nearly allied to C. longifolia, from which it is separated by the broader and flatter membranous leaves. Mr. Kirk placed my variety rugulosa under C. Monroi, from which it differs markedly in the much less rigid habit, spreading thinner leaves, shorter cauline bracts, nearly glabrous involucre, and fewer rays. It is much nearer to C. Adamsii.
32. C. longifolia, Cass. in Dict. Sci. Nat. xxxvii. 259—Very variable in size and degree of robustness. Leaves few or many, 1–18 in. long, 112–13 broad, narrow-linear or narrow linear-lanceolate, acute or acuminate, membranous or somewhat coriaceous but never rigid, upper surface glabrous or silvery, furrowed or wrinkled or nearly smooch, beneath clothed with white silvery tomentum; margins usually much revolute but sometimes almost flat; midrib distinct beneath; sheatiis variable in length, broader than the blade, membranous, white and cottony or almost glabrous. Scapes equalling or exceeding the leaves, slender, cottony; bracts few or many, linear. Head ½–1½ in. diam.; involucral bracts linear-subulate, glabrous or cottony, often blackish at the tips. Rays few or many, narrow. Achene linear, glabrous or rarelv silky.—Hook. f. Handb. N.Z. Fl. 134; Benth. Fl. Austral. iii. 489; Kirk, Students Fl. 288. C. gracilenta, Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. i. 35; Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 122. Aster Celmisia, F. Muell. Fragm. v. 84.
Var. gracilenta, Kirk, Students' Fl. 289.—Leaves slender, usually erect, narrow-linear, margins revolute to the midrib. Scape slender. Head about 1 in. diam.—C. gracilenta. Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. i. 35.
Var. major.—Leaves broader, spreading or recurved, narrow linear-lanceolate, acuminate; margins more or less revolute. Scape stout. Head 1–1½ J in. diam.—C. gracilenta var. b, Hook. f. Fl. Nov. Zel. i. 123. C. longifolia vars major and asteliæfolia, Kirk, Students' Fl. l.c.
Var. graminifolia, Kirk, l.c.—Leaves very slender, linear-elongate, membranous, often flaccid, acute; margins flat or nearly so. Scape very slender, often nearly glabrous. Head ½–1 in. diam., glabrate or slightly cottony.—C. graminifolia, Hook. f. Fl. Antarct. i. 35. C. setacea, Col. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xxi. (1889) 88.
Var. 'alpina, Kirk, l.c.—Small. Rootstock stout, branched. Leaves 1–2 in. long, 120 in. broad; margins slightly revolute; sheaths nearly glabrous. Scape slender, strict, 1–3 in. long. Head ⅓–¾ in. diam., glabrous or nearly so.
North and South Islands, Stewart Island: From the Bay of Islands and the Great Barrier Island southwards, tiut rare and local to the north of the Upper Thames and Waikato. Sea-level to nearly 6000 ft. November–January.
The most widely distributed and variable species of the genus, found in all soils and situations. It is the only species that extends beyond the colony, being not uncommon in the Australian Alps and in Tasmania. The varieties characterized above are merely prevalent forms, and are connected by numerous intermediates.
33. C. linearis, Armstr. in Trans. N.Z. Inst. xiii. (1881) 337.—Stems branched at the base; branches short, stout. Leaves numerous, densely crowded, 1–5 in. long, 16–15 in. broad, narrow-linear, acute, not pungent, coriaceous, longitudinally grooved and covered with a pellicle of silvery hairs above, clothed with white
