Page:Mind (New Series) Volume 6.djvu/141

NEW BOOKS. 125 Studies from tlie Yale Psychological Laboratory. Edited by E. W. SCRIPTURE. Vol. iii. 1895. C. E. Seashore : " Measurements of Illusions and Hallucinations in Normal Life ". This paper commences with a quantitative investigation of the illusion described by M tiller and Schumann showing the influence of vision on the perception of weight. The author determined the degrees of the illusion when the estimation of size depended on direct and indirect vision, on visual memory, and on touch and muscle sense. The part played by expectant attention on the production of hallucina- tions of various senses was also investigated. In numerous subjects definite hallucinatory sensations of low intensity were obtained by suggestion. J. M. Moore: "Studies of Fatigue". The influence of fatigue on binocular and monocular perception of depth and on the rapidity of voluntary movements. In monocular estimation fatigue induces symptoms similar to those occurring with binocular estimation and apparently referable to fatigue of accommodation. Edward M. Weyer : " Some Experiments on the Reaction-time of a Dog". Found time between electrical stimulation of forefoot and its withdrawal, 896 <r. Attempt to measure discriminative and choice time failed. E. W. Scripture : " Some New Apparatus ". Describes a pendulum chronoscope, rotating wheel with speed indicator, some new keys, and a device for reducing currents of high voltage for laboratory purposes. Experience : a Chapter of Prolegomena. By the Rev. WILFRID RICHMOND. London : Swan Sonnenschein & Co., Limited, 1896. Pp. iii., 64. In the first section of this little book the author attempts to establish the validity of the testimony of experience in face of the generally prevalent Agnostic theory that we cannot know. This disbelief, he finds, is grounded in the Lockeian theory of knowledge, and is confirmed by Kant's treatment of the subject. Neither Locke nor Kant went behind self-consciousness to the more fundamental and simpler state of consciousness in which knowledge really arises. This state of conscious- ness is here called " Feeling," and is said to stand in the same relation alike to intellect, to emotion, and to will. Language can describe but not express it. It precedes and conditions the correlation of subject and object in self-conscious perception, "but there is no 'I' in it". "The feeling as felt is neither subjective nor objective." The author thinks that with this view of the relation of sense to thought, "the world we know resumes its place as real," and "the presumption against the possibility of knowledge is removed". Two short sections, entitled respectively " Proof " and "Reality," follow, in the latter of which the author indicates his view that the answer to the question, " What is Reality? " is to be found in Personality. B. E. M. Hypnotism, Mesmerism, and the New Witchcraft. By ERNEST HART. Second edition, enlarged. New York: D. Appleton & Co., 1896. Pp. viii., 212. In 1893 Mr. Hart put together certain papers, previously published in the Nineteenth Century and the British Medical Journal, with the view of " dissipating some popular errors and a good deal of pseudo-scientific superstition, superimposed on a slender basis of physiological and