io- s. in. MAY 20, iocs.] NOTES AND QUERIES.
393
bearers of coat armour alternative of use-
fully curbing the growing desire of the
public at large to evidence its possession
of armorial bearings might not nave been
conferred on the College of Arms can hardly
have occurred, I suppose, to a modern Govern-
ment so keenly in search of an increased
miscellaneous revenue. J. S. UDAL, F.S.A.
Antigua, W.I.
AMBERSKINS : CHOCOLATE KECIPE (10 th S. iii. 309). Edward Phillips, in his 'New World of Words,' London, 1720, names a Spanish fish called the dorado, the sea-bream, or amber-fish, the head of which in the water is green, and the body as yellow as gold. I fail to find amberskins in any of the seventeen dictionaries or glossaries to which I have referred. Might not this be the skin of the fish above named 1
EVERARD HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road.
'D.N.B. 1 AND ' INDEX AND EPITOME' (10 th S. iii. 205, 276). I am confident ME. GATES is as inaccurate in his supposed accuracies as he is pleased to charge "good old Thoresby" with being. A reader of ME. OATES'S reply would presume that Dr. Whitaker married a relation of Thoresby, but there is no evidence of such a connexion. (See pedigree in The Genealogist, N.S., vol. xix. p. 42.) The word " trash " was used as a description of tombstone inscriptions, and did not refer to the correctness of Thoresby's transcripts. Indeed, Dr. Whitaker expressly commended Thoresby's accuracy and fidelity.
I may add that I do not desire to pursue the matter further with ME. GATES, and thereforeleave his other exaggerations to their fate. They have been sufficiently exposed in the columns of The Yorkshire Weekly Post, 1901, and in 'Whitaker's Peerage,' s.v. the Duke of Leeds. G. D, LUMB.
JENNINGS AEMS (10 th S. iii. 308). Your correspondent should consult the references contained under this name on p. 442 of Mar- shall's 'Genealogist's Guide,' 1903 edition. CHAS. HALL CEOUCH.
5, Grove Villas, Wanstead.
ST. JULIAN'S PATEE NOSTER (10 th S. iii. 309). See 5 th S. x. 14 ; 6 th S. ix. 49, 176, 278. EVEEAED HOME COLEMAN. 71, Brecknock Road.
In one of the stories of Boccaccio's 'De- cameron' it is told that a traveller prayed to St. Julian, and the saint consequently caused him to pass a very comfortable night after he had been roughly treated. It seems
to have been customary for travellers to pray
to St. Julian before they went on a journey.
E. YAEDLEY.
" ENGLAND," " ENGLISH " : THEIR PRONUN- CIATION (10 th S. iii. 322). The pronunciation of English as Inglish has been explained over and over again, and has nothing whatever to- do with these new and inadmissible theories. For we know that in Ongle the o was short,, as in lond for land, &c. Even modern German retains an for English on, the preposition.
The sounding of en as in, and of em as im, began as early as in Gothic, which has in, pre-
Eosition (as in modern English), where Greek as iv ; and timrjan, to build (cf. E. timber), from the root dem, to build, as in Gk. Se/x-ctv, See my ' Principles of E. Etym.,' First Series, p. 402, where I show that the same kind of tendency to treat en as in lasted for many centuries ; so that E. mint is from Lat. mentha, and many words represent the same change in their spelling. Thus A.-S. grennian r E. grin; M.E. Menken, E. blink; A.-S. hlence t E. link; A.-S. thencan, M.E. thenken, E. think; M.E. lenge, E. ling (a fish) ; A.-S. mengan, E, mingle; M.E. henge, E. hinge; M.E. sengen, E. singe ; M.E. tivengen, E. twinge, &c. I then* add : "We may also notice the double forms. dint and dent, splint and splent, glint and Scot, glent ; and the pronunciation of Eng- land as Ingland." There is nothing abnormal about England and English except the reten- tion of a spelling which indicates a pronun- ciation now no longer in general vogue. We shall be told next that the a in France was originally long, because the adjectival deri- vative is French (late A.-S. Frencisc).
WALTEE W. SKEAT.
If the experience of a man of seventy-three years of age is of any value, I may state that, in my belief, the pronunciation England is now more common than Ingland, and Eng- lish than Inglish. It was not so, I think, in my younger days.
EDWARD P. WOLFERSTAN.
Only an hour or so before I read MR. ANSCOMBE'S communication on 29 April I had noted the pronunciation of many as riming: with zany by a poor woman whom I some- times visit. She is an octogenarian, and her travels have not extended beyond a few miles from this village all her days. I of ten learn from her some archaic pronunciation or quaint item of folk-lore.
JOHN T. PAGE.
West Haddon, Northamptonshire.
LOCAL ' NOTES AND QUERIES ' (10 th S. iii. 108, 255). ' Salopian Shreds and Patches"
