372
NOTES AND QUERIES.
[11 8. X. Nov. 7, 1914.
not the tone used at present. The note-
paper bears the water-mark " J. Bud gen
1814," so that the custom must at least be
a hundred years old. There are no other
similar ones in the volume, nor do I recollect
coming across an earlier instance.
E. E. NEWTON. Hampstead, Upminster, Essex.
FIELDING'S ' TOM JONES ' : ITS GEO- GRAPHY (11 S. ix. 507; x. 191, 253, 292). When in book vii. chap. xii. Fielding men- tions the battle of Tannieres he means what we now call the battle of Malplaquet, 1 1 Sept. (X.S.), 1709. It has been described by various names. In No. 64 of The Taller, 6 Sept. (O.S.) in that year, Steele, in giving the news, speaks of it simply as " the battle near Mons, ; ' and we find on some contem- porary medals GALLI AD MONTES HAN. VICTI and AD MONTES HANNON., i.e., near Mons in Hainault. See vol. ii. of Hawkins, Franks, and Grueber, ' Medallic Illustrations of the History of Great Britain and Ireland.' It was also known under the name of Blaugies, variously spelt. Thackeray makes Esmond refer to it as " that bloody battle of Blarignies or Malplaquet." But it was very frequently named after the wood of Tais- nieres, in which the French left was strongly entrenched. The British Museum has a copy of ' Relation de la Campagne de
Tannieres en 1'an 1709,' La Have (1710) ;
and a medal struck in honour of the battle bears GALTJS AD TAISNIEBE DEVICTIS. The two wounds which Fielding's lieutenant had received in the engagement were no more than a fair share for one who distinguished himself, if we accept the statistics, according to which out of about 90,000 allies no fewer than 22,939 were killed or wounded.
It is possible that in" Greenland " Squire Western is taunted with his want of know- ledge of the world, although the ' H.E.D.' gives no instance of the slang meaning " the country of greenhorns " earlier than ' Oliver Twist.'
THE CUSANI (11 S. x. 90, 138). The custom of weeping over the newly born and rejoicing over the dead has been ascribed to more than one tribe or nation. We may consult Sardus (Alessandro Sardi of Ferrara)' ' De Moribus et Ritibus Gentium,' lib. i. cap. viii., and C. H. Tzschucke's ' Notae Exegeticae ' to Pomponius Mela, ' De Situ Orbis,' II. ii. 3.
The suggestion that by " Cusani " is really meant the Turkish tribe of the " Cu- mani " seems quite uncalled for. There can,
I think, be no doubt that the name is^due
to the passage quoted in Joannes Stobseus,
' Florilegium,' cxx. 24, from the ' Morum
Mirabilium Collectio ' of Nicolaus Damas-
cenus : Kawiavot TOVS p-ev
dpr/vovcri, TOVS 8 TA.VT)y<ravras
As the " Causiani " do not appear to be
mentioned elsewhere, Coraes proposed to
read Tpauo-iavoi, because Herodotus, as was
pointed out by H. C., tells the story of the
Thracian Trausi. EDWARD BENSLY.
GOTHIC MASON-SCULPTORS (11 S. x. 331). Some interesting facts connected with John of Gloucester, Master Mason, will be found in W. R. Lethaby's ' AVestminster Abbey and the Kings' Craftsmen,' pp. 161-6. It seems probable that John of Gloucester came from Gloucester to Westminster, for in the Close Roll of 1249-50 there is the record of an order to the Sheriff of Gloucester not to distrain John le Macun for wine bought of the King. " Master John the King's Mason " (Cementarius) is named in a grant of c. 1250, in the possession of the Corporation of Gloucester, as holding land. He succeeded Master Henry as Cementarius Regis, or King's Mason, at Westminster Abbey, the rebuilding of which he super- intended for several years. He seems to have been a man of substance, for there are records of his holding properties in South- wark and Westminster, and he received gifts of houses from Henry III. for his services as his Mason. He died in 1260-61 ; his wife Alice and son Edward are mentioned in records: the latter, as late as 1266, is called " son of the Mason." In the transept of Westminster Abbey, forming a corbel, is a carved head (see fig. 67, p. 172 op. tit.) which Mr. Lethaby thinks may represent John of Gloucester or John of St. Albans. ROLAND AUSTIN.
Gloucester.
Willard de Honnecourt (this is the correct spelling of his name) was a French architect who lived in the thirteenth century. His album was published in facsimile by Alfred Darcel in Paris, in 1858, with a glossary by J. B. A. Lassus. Some particulars of his life were given in one of the early volumes of the " Bibliotheque de 1'Ecole des Chartes."
L. L. K.
I can supply the following references :
' Hist. MSS. Comm. Report IV.,' 1874:
Eleven warrants or letters, endorsed " King's
Orders for delivery of Stores. Hen. 3," in
42nd, &c., year of reign, addressed to
