450
NOTES AND QUERIES. [ii 8. x. DK. 5, wi*.
this service was rendered, and to receive any
other information respecting it, or indications
as to the direction in which I might best
prosecute inquiries.
LEONARD C. PRICE. Essex Lodge, Ewell.
"GOAL- MONEY." What is the meaning of this term found in old parish registers ? and what is its equivalent in the present day ? A. BROOKE.
[" Goal" and "gaol " were often confused, and the entries about which our correspondent asks undoubtedly refer to " gaol-money," paid for the maintenance of gaols.]
INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS. The late Leo Grindon, the botanist, gives in one of his books a particularly good description of the sundew (drosera). Can any reader supply the reference ?
J. E. GOODWIN.
ST. MARY'S, SOHO. The query of the VENERABLE ARCHDEACON BOWLING, ante, p. 386, has suggested to me two others :
1. "Where can I find a biography of the Most VRev. Joseph Georgeirenes, Archbishop of Samos, who is stated to have founded in 1677 the Greek Church in Hog Lane, Soho, on the site of which the above-mentioned church stands ?
In 1684, as DR. BOWLING says, "it passed into the possession of the French Protest- ants." They in their turn were succeeded by Baptists, who yielded to Anglicans. The present Vicar advertises " Old Catholic " services in German.
Thus from, 1677 to the present day the same site, though not the same building, has witnessed the divers rites of five denomina- tions of those " who profess and call them- selves Christians."
2. Is not this record unique ?
JOHN B. WAINEWRIGHT.
EARLY STEAM - ENGINES : ABRAHAM POTTER : HUMPHREY POTTER. According to the late W. G. Norris of Coalbrookdale Ironworks, Shropshire, John and Abraham Potter were engineers in Durham who erected a steam - engine for Mr. Andrew Wauchope (Laird of Edminstone) in Mid- lothian in or about 1725. We know John Potter of Chester-le-Street from the Patent Office ' Abridgments ' ; but what is the authority for the statement that his brother' name was Abraham ? An Isaac Potter erected a steam - engine in Hungary about 1722, and, according to a Vienna monthly paper of 1727, his brother (what was hi Christian name ?) received 100,000 livres
rom the King of France for building a
steam-engine in England and erecting it in
France. Then we have Prof. Thurston's
statement (also without giving his source)
that a bright " cock-boy," Humphrey Potter,
who in 1713 contrived an automatic gear
- or doing his work, in time became a skilful
workman and went on the Continent, where erected several fine engines. Could any dnd reader quote chapter and verse for this ? L. L. K.
' THE DUEL,' BY ROSA BONHEUR. Can any correspondent tell me where is now the original of this picture two horses fighting ?
R. C.
" EPHESIANS " : A SHAKESPEARIAN TERM. Can any one tell how this term, which is found in ' 2 Henry IV.,' II. ii., came into use to describe profligate idlers ? One is familiar with the word " Corinthians " as used in the same sense. Is it not probable that the word " Corinthians," as denoting both an epistle of the New Testament and persons of the class above referred to, sug- gested the jocular use of " Ephesians " in the same way ? The fact that in the passage of Shakespeare in question the "Ephesians" are said to be of " the old church " seems to indicate that there was some religious association with the word.
J. WILLCOCK.
Lerwick.
DENE HOLES.
(11 S. x. 249, 314, 390, 437.)
Neville (R. C.), Shafts discovered at the Roman Station at Chesterford, Essex (The Archaeological Journal, vol. xii., 1855, pp. 109-26). These shafts, some fifty in number, varied in depth from 5 ft. to 28 ft. Roman remains were found in all of them.
Nicholls (W. J.), The Chislehurst Caves and Dene- Holes (Journal of the British Archaeological Assoc., vol. lix., 1903, pp. 147-62 ; vol. lx., 1904, pp. 64-74). Author suggests that the caves were used by the ancient Druids for worship and sacrifice.
Norris (R. A.), Dene-Holes (Home Counties Mag,, 1900, p. 167). A brief article by^ " One who is engaged in making Dene-Holes." Describes the method of sinking pits from 50 ft. to 90 ft. deep at Hemel Hempstead to obtain chalk for lime-burning.
N[unn (P. W.)], The Chislehurst Caves (The Kentish Mercury, 27 Dec., 1907 ; 17 Jan., 1908). Replies to Mr. Griflin's articles in the same paper for 13 Dec., 1907, and 10 Jan., 1908.
