US. XI. JAN. 2, 1915.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
W
are typical of the hundreds of tradesmen's
tokens circulating in the country at the end
of the e ! ghteenth and beginning of the nine-
teenth century, necessitated by the small
amount of copper coin issued by the Govern-
ment, and consequent scarcity of change.
WILLIAM GILBERT, F.B.N.S.
35, Broad Street Avenue, E.G.
BAPTISM OF CLOVIS (11 S. x. 428). I believe your correspondent will find that the correspondence he mentions took place recently in The Guardian. J. T. P,
0tt
Whitaker's Almanack, 1915. (Whitaker & Sons,
Is. net and 2s. Qd. net.) Whitaker' s Peerage, 1915. (Same publishers,
5s. net.)
A CORDIAL New Year's welcome to our old friends the two ' Whitakers ' 1 We shall keep them by our side all through the coming year.
Some of the contents of the ' Almanack ' afford a sad contrast to those of last year. Where we then read about ' The World's Peace ' and the decisions of the Hague Tribunal we have now ' The Great War ' and an account of the sudden- ness with which it burst upon us. On the 25th of June the British battleships were heartily received on arriving at Kiel for the regatta, and the German Emperor, in the uniform of a British admiral, visited the flagship the King George V. ; and on the 4th of August the two nations were at war. A chronicle is given of the operations of the opposing forces both on land and sea.
Some statistics are supplied as to the effect of war upon trade, and these show that, while the trade of the victorious nation improves rapidly, that of the vanquished nation only recovers after a period, which may be short, of severe de- pression. To take the Franco - Prussian War as an illustration, the exports of France the year before the war were 160,000,000?. ; the year after the war, 147,160,000*. The trade of Germany with the United Kingdom the year preceding the war was 18,350,000*., and the year after the war it amounted to 19,260,000*. The close of the South African War initiated a boom in trade ; and after the Russo-Japanese War Japan's trade increased by leaps and bounds. The present war, as we all know, has brought the foreign trade of Germany to a standstill ; her exports, amounting to 484,000, 000*. in 1913, have ceased, except for the small amount taken by neutral countries.
Among the losses to literature and science caused by death are recorded Sir Robert Ball, Mr. S. R. Crockett, Mr. Watts-Dunton, Sir David Gill, Sir John Murray, and Dr. A. Russel Wallace. Two well-known names disappear from the publishing world : Dr. Brockhaus and Mr. Edward Marston, the latter a contributor to
- N. & Q.' The death of Mr. William A. Gordon
Hake, aged 103, is also chronicled. Among wills proved were four exceeding a million, the highest being that of Lord Strathcona, which was proved at 4,651,402*.
From the companion volume we learn that
ten new peerages were created during the past
year besides the Earldom conferred upon Lord
Kitchener. The appointments more immedi-
ately due to the naval and military operations
now in progress are recorded down to the latest
possible date before going to press. The names
of the newly instituted Sees of Chelmsford,.
Sheffield, and St. Edmundsbury and Ipswich are
also to be found in the alphabetical list. The
Obituary includes the Duke of Buccleuch,
Joseph Chamberlain, Viscount Knutsford, and
the veteran Field-Marshal Earl Roberts, who-
died in France " within sound of the guns," and
was buried in St. Paul's on the 19th of November,
By special remainder the title has passed to his
daughter Aileen Mary, born 1870. Two Garters
are recorded as having been bestowed, the
recipients being the King of Denmark and Earl
Beauchamp. One more honoured name must
now be added that of the King of the Belgians,
upon whom the Garter was bestowed by our King,
almost on the field of battle, during his recent visit
to the front.
Papers and Proceedings of the Hampshire Field Club and Archceological Society. Vol. VII, Part I. Edited by John Hautenville Cope. ON taking over the editorship of the Papers and Proceedings of the above Society Mr. Hautenville Cope begins with a solid and successful number, The excursions of which it gives particulars offer an abundance of interesting detail, and the papers contributed are fairly representative of the kinds of objects with which the Society is- occupied. The first paper gives a transcription, with a translation, of the Rental of Wymering- It is followed by Mr. Dale's discussion of Hamp- shire flints, and then by Capt. Kempthorne's- description of the Devil's Highway (the Hamp- shire portion) and Dr. Williams-Freeman's note* on ' Roman Roads in South Hants.' Miss Emma Swann has embellished her article on ' Hampshire Fonts ' by delightful illustrations. The histories connected with Farley Chamberlayne and Monk Sherborne are the subjects of two good articles,, by Mrs. Suckling and Miss Florence Davidson respectively. We noticed also Mr. Karslake's^ ' Silchester,' Mr. W. H. Jacob's ' Tudor Win- chester from Civic MSS.,' and Mr. Ravenscroft's, paper on the old Lymington Salterns.
The Library Journal : October and November, 1914. (New York, ' Library Journal ' Office ; London, 22, Bedford Street, W.C., Is. Qd. each.) WHEN the War broke out many American librarians were on their way to the Pan- Anglican Library Conference that had been arranged to take place at Oxford. It is now proposed to- hold it next year, but " it seems probable that a larger representation could be secured from America two years hence." The idea is to hold it as soon as convenient after the War, for, as the editor of the Journal says, " this is not a people** war, but a war of the general staffs, in which' the people suffer. What international bitter- ness remains will not be among the people wha have suffered, the clientele of libraries, but among those in authority who are responsible for the conflict."
Both to the October and November numbers Mr. Theodore W. Koch, Librarian of the
