414
NOTES AND QUERIES. [IIS.VILMAY 24,1913.
" -AL," NOUN-SUFFIX : " DlSALLOWAL,"
- ' DISALLOWANCE " (11 S. vii. 267). I have
looked up a considerable number of words with this suffix in the ' JXT.E.D.,' in order to find out when they make their first appear- ance in the written records of the language. The following are the results :
Fourteenth century : arrival, deposal, espial, espousal, rehearsal, remissal.
Fifteenth century : acquittal, apposal, defial, refusal, opposal [= interrogation], reprisal, reversal.
Sixteenth century : accusal, applial, con- fessal, denial, eschewal, excusal, perusal, presupposal, quittal, recital, remittal, re- moval, replial, repressal, reprieval, requital.
Seventeenth century : adjournal, approval, averral, avoidal, bequeathal, committal, composal, comprise!, contrive!, deprival, descrial, despisal, disapproval, disguisal, disposal, disproval, disquietal, exposal, im- posal, increasal, interposal, misprisal, op- posal [ = opposition], premisal, preserval, proposal, receival, recruital, refutal, renewal, reposal, requiral, reserval, resignal, retainal, retiral, retrieval, returnal, reviewal, revisal, revival.
Eighteenth century : avowal, bestowal, carousal, compromisal, decrial, demisal, disavowal, disclosal.
Nineteenth century : accrual, advisal, ap- praisal, arousal, arrayal, begettal, betrayal, betrothal, conferral, conveyal, defrayal, delayal, demurral, derival, devisal, dis- cussal, dismissal, disobeyal, dispersal, essayal, implial, indrawal, interspersal, misbestowal, portrayal, pursual, recordal, recountal, re- dressal, repayal, repeatal, reproval.
The evidence is not yet available for the following Words : supposal, surprisal, sur- vival, transmittal, transposal, trial, up- heaval, withdrawal.
Many of the words cited are obsolete, and were, no doubt, rare and short- lived. The list makes no claim to com- pleteness, but it shows that the suffix has been employed in new formations at all times since the fourteenth century. It is most frequent in the seventeenth century an age of experiment ; and if the eighteenth century was cautious in its use, the more adventurous nineteenth century has fully demonstrated that -al is a living suffix. The form " disallowal " has ample analogy in its support, and it may be that the twentieth century will give it the pre- ference, so that " disallowal " will supplant " disallowance," just as " approval," which was rare before 1800, has supplanted " appro vance," or just as " avowal " has
supplanted " avowance." I have noticed
no very striking evidence of Scottish, legal,
or commercial origin among the coinages in
~al. " Advisal " (quoted only from Blackie's
'^Eschylus') and " ad journal " (with a
longer history) might, perhaps, be counted
Scottish ; " accrual " may be both Scottish
and legal in origin, since the single quota-
tion for the word comes from Muirhead's
edition of Gaius. " Dismissal," first quoted
from the year 1806, was said by Todd in
1818 to be " of recent use," but Jamieson
in 1825 said it was " of long standing in
Scotland." L. R. M. STBACHAN.
Heidelberg.
TITLE-PAGE WANTED (US. vii. 330). This is Charles Coffey's ' The Devil to Pay,' but without seeing the portion of the book which MB. HOWE has it is not possible to determine what edition. I imagine that the volume has bound up with it some other work than Coffey's play, because that work would not occupy 165 pages (the number contained in MB. HOWE'S portion). The original edition of ' The Devil to Pay,' in 8vo size, 1731, consisted of 68 pp. The play has been reprinted many times in collec- tions of such works, and I think it must be one of these. A. L. HUMPHBEYS.
187, Piccadilly, W.
SIB JOHN MOOBE (11 S. vii. 344). The description of the tomb of Sir John Moore settles the points discussed in 3 S. v. 169, 269, 329, and bears out Sorrow's description in 'The Bible in Spain' quoted at the second reference. But what is MB. PAGE'S authority for stating that " in 1820 the body was disinterred, and reburied in a beautiful spot in the Gardens of San Carlos " ? Borrow speaks of the tomb standing in the centre of the battery, and the young trees springing up about it. He visited Spain between 1835 and 1839, and his language seems to show that the garden was only then coming into existence within the walls of the old battery. My impression on visiting the spot last year certainly was that the present site of the tomb is the same spot, or at any rate very close to the spot, where Moore was originally buried, and that the garden was laid out a good many years afterwards. It is now beautifully kept up by the town authorities. On the north wall is a memorial tablet to the officers and men who perished in H.M.S. Serpent, wrecked -in 1890 on the neighbouring coast. Outside the garden, to the right of the gateway, I found the following inscription cut in the stones of the wall. Can any reader give a satisfactory
