12 S. IV. MAY, 1918.]
NOTES AND QUERIES.
127
irom Mr. WMttaker of Manchester who has the
direction of those dyes there; I presume in Mr.
Bobinson's absence to beg your kind assistance
"to lay before your Honourable Board, mine, and
the Manufacturers and Printers Memorials,
representing the State of the Culgee Trade, and
diminution of its duties, which though now does
not pay into the Customs and Excise but little
more than two thousand pounds a year, may with
certainty I think be augmented to at least twenty
thousand, and if the India Handkerchiefs can be
suppressed, nearly double that sum I may venture
"to assert will be annually pay'd into Government
on this branch of Manufacture."
The letter is in the Public Record Office <T 1/515). E. ALFKED JONES.
6 Fig Tree Court, Temple.
DENIZA.TION BY LETTERS PATENT. In the course of the note on ' The Introduction of Turkey-Red Dyeing into England' (12 S. iii. 167) there is an allusion to a " naturaliza- tion deed " conferring upon six foreigners the rights of British citizenship. Mr. A. N. Tavare, the brother of your correspondent, has, in the most obliging manner, placed at my disposal a transcript of an office copy of the document in question, which turns out to be a grant of denization under the Oreat Seal, dated June 22, 1821. It is identical in nearly every respect with an original grant of denization, dated Feb. 22, 1828, with the Great Seal attached, in my possession. Six persons (aliens born) are included in the patent; and, as this number agrees with that of the persons named in the documents of Mr. Tavare, I conclude that this was the maximum allowed in one patent. The stamp on the document is of the value of 30Z., which was, I suppose, shared by the persons named in the patent. As the subject of naturalization has been much in our minds of late in connexion with certain proceedings in the King's Bench Division, I may perhaps be permitted to point out that the rights of citizenship conferred by letters of denization are not quite the same as those conveyed by naturali- zation under an Act of Parliament.
The columns of ' N. & Q.' are not suited to the discussion of legal technicalities, in which this subject abounds, so I will content myself with a reference to the Earl of Halsbury's great work on ' The Laws of England,' vol. i. p. 212, and the same author's ' Encyclopaedia of Forms and Precedents,' vol. ix. p. 6. The two letters patent above alluded to contain the, follow- ing:
" Provided nevertheless and We will that they and each and every of them and the family and families which they or any of them now have or
hereafter shall have shall continue and be resident
within this our United Kingdom of Great Britain
and Ireland or elsewhere within our Dominions."
These words, if construed strictly, would seem to mean that if the grantees ceased to reside in the United Kingdom, or other the King's dominions, the grant of deniza- tion would become void. This point is not dealt with in the Earl of Halsbury's volumes, and there is no such clause in the Form of Patent for Denization used in King Edward's reign, as given at p. 34 of vol. ix. of the 4 Encyclopaedia of Forms and Precedents.' Perhaps some of your legal contributors may be able to explain this. R. B. P.
[This note by our old correspondent was in type some time before his death occurred (see ante, p. 120).]
" STOUP." (See ante, p. 91.) The re- viewer of the ' Stillation Stratum ' section of the ' New English Dictionary ' expresses his doubt concerning the exact meaning of " stoup " as used by Allan Ramsay in the couplet,
Dalhousie of an old descent,
My chief, my stoup, my ornament.
His guess that it would be something like prcesidium is not far wrong. Had he been a North-Countryman, the word would not, I think, have caused him any trouble. It is in daily use in this part of Lancashire and in the adjacent part of the West Riding, and means a post. A gate-post is a gate- stoup; and if a farmer wants some posts for fencing, he will tell you he wants some stoups. From this comes the figurative use of the word in the sense of prop or support. If a widow has lost her eldest son, who was the chief support of the family, she will tell you she has lost her main stoup; or if an employer has lost an important workman upon whom he relied a good deal, he will say, " I have lost a good stoup."
The abridged edition of Jamieson's ' Ety- mological Dictionary of the Scottish Lan- guage' (Edinburgh, Constable, 1818) gives the three meanings (1) a post fastened in the earth, (2) a prop or support, (3) one who supports another.
Brockett's ' North-Country Words' (New- castle, 1846) has stoop, a post fastened in the earth, a gate-stoop, a guide-stoop.
Carr's ' Craven Glossary' (London, 1828) has sloop, "a post fastened in the ground, also a bed-post," and quotes the above couplet from Allan Ramsay as an illustration of its use. WM. SELF WEEKS.
Westwood. Clitheroe.
