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first meeting to propose amendments.[1]

Although only delegates could participate in formal discussions and vote on the platform, the Trump Campaign could request changes, and members of the Trump Campaign attended committee meetings.[2] John Mashburn, the Campaign's policy director, helped oversee the Campaign's involvement in the platform committee meetings.[3] He told the Office that he directed Campaign staff at the Convention, including J.D. Gordon, to take a hands-off approach and only to challenge platform planks if they directly contradicted Trump's wishes.[4]

On July 11, 2016, delegate Diana Denman submitted a proposed platform amendment that included provision of armed support for Ukraine.[5] The amendment described Russia's "ongoing military aggression" in Ukraine and announced "support" for "maintaining (and, if warranted, increasing) sanctions against Russia until Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity are fully restored" and for "providing lethal defensive weapons to Ukraine's armed forces and greater coordination with NATO on defense planning."[6] Gordon reviewed the proposed platform changes, including Denman's.[7] Gordon stated that he flagged this amendment because of Trump's stated position on Ukraine, which Gordon personally heard the candidate say at the March 31 foreign policy meeting—namely, that the Europeans should take primary responsibility for any assistance to Ukraine, that there should be improved U.S.-Russia relations, and that he did not want to start World War III over that region.[8] Gordon told the Office that Trump's statements on the campaign trail following the March meeting underscored those positions to the point where Gordon felt obliged to object to the proposed platform change and seek its dilution.[9]

On July 11, 2016, at a meeting of the National Security and Defense Platform Subcommittee, Denman offered her amendment.[10] Gordon and another Campaign staffer, Matt Miller, approached a committee co-chair and asked him to table the amendment to permit further discussion.[11] Gordon's concern with the amendment was the language about providing "lethal


  1. Gordon 8/29/17 302, at 10; Hoff 5/26/17 302, at 1-2.
  2. Hoff 5/26/17 302, at 1; Gordon 9/7/17 302, at 10.
  3. Mashburn 6/25/18 302, at 4; Manafort 9/20/18 302, at 7-8.
  4. Mashburn 6/25/18 302, at 4; Gordon 8/29/17 302, at 10.
  5. DENMAN 000001-02, DENMAN 000012, DENMAN 000021-22; Denman 12/4/17 302, at 1; Denman 6/7/17 302, at 2.
  6. DENMAN 000001-02, DENMAN 000012, DENMAN 000021-22.
  7. Gordon 8/29/17 302, at 10-11.
  8. Gordon 8/29/17 302, at 11; Gordon 9/7/17 302, at 11; Gordon 2/14/19 302, at 1-2, 5-6.
  9. Gordon 2/14/19 302, at 5-6.
  10. Denman 6/7/17 302, at 2; see DENMAN 000014.
  11. Denman 6/7/17 302, at 2; Denman 12/4/17 302, at 2; Gordon 9/7/17 302, at 11-12; see Hoff 5/26/17 302, at 2.

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